Mitochondria-Derived H2O2 Promotes Symmetry Breaking of the C. elegans Zygote

Henau, Sasha De; Pagès-Gallego, Marc; Pannekoek, Willem‐Jan; Dansen, Tobias B.

doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2020.03.008

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 68 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These studies and the molecular degeneracy of the actomyosin cortex [120,122] (discussed below) indicate that the polarization of the zygote most likely relies on the timely and spatial coordination of multiple molecular processes. This is further exemplified by a recent finding from De Henau et al [137], who have reported a novel mechanism/requirement for symmetry breaking. Here, high levels of H 2 O 2 , released from a polarized mitochondrial network, can drive posteriorization of the zygote.…”

Section: (A) Aurora a Regulates Actomyosin Flow And Ensures A Monopolar Antero-posterior Axismentioning

confidence: 59%

Going with the flow: insights fromCaenorhabditis eleganszygote polarization

Gubieda

Packer

Squires

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular components along a defined axis. Polarity relies on complex signalling networks between conserved patterning proteins, including the PAR ( par titioning defective) proteins, which become segregated in response to upstream symmetry breaking cues. Although the mechanisms that drive the asymmetric localization of these proteins are dependent upon cell type and context, in many cases the regulation of actomyosin cytoskeleton dynamics is central to the transport, recruitment and/or stabilization of these polarity effectors into defined subcellular domains. The transport or advection of PAR proteins by an actomyosin flow was first observed in the Caenorhabditis elegan s zygote more than a decade ago. Since then a multifaceted approach, using molecular methods, high-throughput screens, and biophysical and computational models, has revealed further aspects of this flow and how polarity regulators respond to and modulate it. Here, we review recent findings on the interplay between actomyosin flow and the PAR patterning networks in the polarization of the C. elegans zygote. We also discuss how these discoveries and developed methods are shaping our understanding of other flow-dependent polarizing systems. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Contemporary morphogenesis’.

show abstract

Section: (A) Aurora a Regulates Actomyosin Flow And Ensures A Monopolar Antero-posterior Axismentioning

confidence: 59%

Going with the flow: insights fromCaenorhabditis eleganszygote polarization

Gubieda

Packer

Squires

et al. 2020

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, the polar distribution of zygotic mitochondria may support cell polarization and axis formation, like in the C. elegans zygote, the mitochondria of which produce a local increase of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), thus disrupting cell symmetry and forming the anterior-posterior axis (De Henau et al, 2020). In Arabidopsis, H 2 O 2 and calcium are the key molecules leading to polar cell growth in the pollen tube, and recent work showed that mitochondrial calcium uniporter, MCU1/2, is required to support pollen tube elongation (Selles et al, 2018).…”

Section: What Are the Roles Of Mitochondrial Dynamics In The Zygote?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial dynamics and segregation during the asymmetric division of Arabidopsis zygotes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The zygote is the first cell of a multicellular organism. In most angiosperms, the zygote divides asymmetrically to produce an embryo-precursor apical cell and a supporting basal cell. Zygotic division should properly segregate symbiotic organelles, because they cannot be synthesized de novo. In this study, we revealed the real-time dynamics of the principle source of ATP biogenesis, mitochondria, in Arabidopsis thaliana zygotes using live-cell observations and image quantifications. In the zygote, the mitochondria formed the extended structure associated with the longitudinal array of actin filaments (F-actins) and were polarly distributed along the apical–basal axis. The mitochondria were then temporally fragmented during zygotic division, and the resulting apical cells inherited mitochondria at higher concentration compared to the basal cells. Further observation of postembryonic organs showed that these mitochondrial behaviours are characteristic of the zygote. Overall, our results showed that the zygote has spatiotemporal regulation that unequally distributes the mitochondria.

show abstract

“…[ 29,30 ] An asymmetric mitochondrial distribution has been described in the oocytes of many other species, including arthropods, ascidians, and vertebrates, [ 28 ] and has been linked to hydrogen peroxide production during the polarization of Caenorhabditis elegans zygotes. [ 31 ] It is unknown whether intrinsic redox gradients or differential activation of HIF modulates the early axial patterning of other animals as well.…”

Section: Hif Pathways Regulate Multiple Steps Of Metazoan Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Oxygen is a Key Modulator of Development and Evolution: From Molecules to Ecology

Cordeiro

Tanaka

2020

BioEssays

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxygen is a key regulator of both development and homeostasis and a promising candidate to bridge the influence of the environment and the evolution of new traits. To clarify the various ways in which oxygen may modulate embryogenesis, its effects are reviewed at distinct organizational levels. First, the role of pathways that sense dioxygen levels and reactive oxygen species are reviewed. Then, the effects of microenvironmental oxygen on metabolism, stemness, and differentiation throughout embryogenesis are discussed. Last, the interplay between ecology and development are reexamined with a focus on the evolution of tetrapods, including during the emergence of a novel mechanism that shapes amniote limbs—interdigital cell death. Both genetic and environmental components work together during the formation of organisms, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for understanding the evolution of new traits.

show abstract

Mitochondria-Derived H2O2 Promotes Symmetry Breaking of the C. elegans Zygote

Abstract: Highlights d Mitochondria promote symmetry breaking through a local increase in cortical H 2 O 2 d Both maternal and sperm mitochondrial H 2 O 2 contribute to symmetry breaking d Artificial cortical trapping of mitochondria is sufficient for symmetry breaking

Cited by 27 publications

References 68 publications

Going with the flow: insights fromCaenorhabditis eleganszygote polarization

Going with the flow: insights fromCaenorhabditis eleganszygote polarization

Mitochondrial dynamics and segregation during the asymmetric division of Arabidopsis zygotes

Environmental Oxygen is a Key Modulator of Development and Evolution: From Molecules to Ecology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About