Mitochondria-targeted fluorophore: State of the art and future trends

Ding, Qihang; Wang, Xinyu; Luo, Yan; Leng, Xiang; Li, Xin; Gu, Meijia; Kim, Jong Seung

doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2024.215772

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 203 publications

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“…More importantly, the O 2 –· species generated via the type I process not only function as oxidants for eliminating tumor cells but also participate in superoxide dismutase-mediated catalytic cascades, generating highly cytotoxic ·OH species while simultaneously replenishing oxygen through recycling mechanisms . So far, a few groups have reported type I organic photosensitizers based on BODIPY, − Nile Blue analogs, ,, fluorescein, phthalocyanine, cyclometalated Ru(II), cyclometalated Ir(III), , some D–A structures, − and so on . However, it still remains a challenge to design type I PSs owing to the lack of a general design strategy. , Rhodamines exhibit many desirable attributes as PSs for PDT, such as high extinction coefficients, excellent biocompatibility, and resistance to photobleaching. − However, a type I PS based on rhodamine has been rarely reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Liu,

Ding,

Liu

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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Type I photosensitizers offer an advantage in photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to their diminished reliance on oxygen levels, thus circumventing the challenge of hypoxia commonly encountered in PDT. In this study, we present the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of a novel type I photosensitizer derived from a cyclometalated Ir(III)-rhodamine complex. Remarkably, the complex exhibits a shift in absorption and fluorescence, transitioning from "off" to "on" states in aprotic and protic solvents, respectively, contrary to initial expectations. Upon exposure to light, the complex demonstrates the effective generation of O 2 − and •OH radicals via the type I mechanism. Additionally, it exhibits notable photodynamic antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. This research offers valuable insights for the development of novel type I photosensitizers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Liu,

Ding,

Liu

et al. 2024

Inorg. Chem.

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Precise Molecular Engineering of Multi‐Suborganelle Targeted NIR Type‑I AIE Photosensitizer and Design of Cell Membrane‐Anchored Anti‐Tumor Pyroptosis Vaccine

Xiang,

Liu,

Ding

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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Photodynamically induced cell immunogenic death has emerged as an effective antitumor strategy because of its capacity to stimulate anti‐tumor immunity for eliminating primary tumors and metastases. Considering that the short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the anoxic tumor microenvironment restrict the efficacy of conventional photodynamic therapy (PDT), a molecular framework of near‐infrared (NIR) type I aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) photosensitivities with tunable sub‐organelles (including cell membranes, mitochondria, lipid drops, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum) targeting type I ROS in precisely regulated subcellular locations are designed. Subsequent studies have discovered that under 660 nm laser irradiation, the cell membrane‐targeted TCF‐Mem can effectively induce pyroptosis of cancer cells, fully enhancing anti‐tumor immunity in vivo in a preventive tumor vaccine model. Additionally, in vivo anti‐tumor type I PDT can eradicate the primary tumor and, more importantly, inhibit the growth of distant tumors through in vitro actions, thereby obtaining specific anti‐tumor immunity. This study provides a novel framework for the rational design of photosensitive sub‐organelles targeting NIR type I AIE and offers a new perspective for innovative PDT‐based tumor therapy and immune enhancement strategies.

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Precision Photothermal Therapy at Mild Temperature: NIR‐II Imaging‐Guided, H₂O₂‐Responsive Stealth Nanobomb

Ma,

Ding,

Wang

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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The therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT) under mild temperatures (<45 °C) is hindered as cancer cells can activate heat shock proteins (HSPs) to mend fever‐type cellular damage swiftly. The previous attempt fabricated first‐generation nanobombs (nanobomb1G) by self‐assembly of polymeric NIR‐II AIEgens and carbon monoxide (CO) carrier polymer mPEG(CO) to inhibit the expression of HSPs after intratumor injection. A new generation nanobomb (Stealth NanoBomb (SNB)) is developed by self‐assembling small molecular NIR‐II AIEgens with CO carrier polymer PLGA(CO) coated by PEG‐lipid. This design allows for intravenous administration, enabling the SNB to circulate safely in the bloodstream and selectively target cancer cells. Upon accumulation in tumors, the SNB releases CO to effectively suppress HSP expression, enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of mild‐temperature PTT. Compared to the previous generation, the SNB offers a safer, more stable, and more efficient CO gas/drug co‐delivery system for cancer treatment. This work represents a significant advancement in PTT, providing a promising strategy for enhanced antitumor therapy with reduced systemic toxicity.

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Mitochondria-targeted fluorophore: State of the art and future trends

Cited by 16 publications

References 203 publications

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Precise Molecular Engineering of Multi‐Suborganelle Targeted NIR Type‑I AIE Photosensitizer and Design of Cell Membrane‐Anchored Anti‐Tumor Pyroptosis Vaccine

Precision Photothermal Therapy at Mild Temperature: NIR‐II Imaging‐Guided, H₂O₂‐Responsive Stealth Nanobomb

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Mitochondria-targeted fluorophore: State of the art and future trends

Cited by 16 publications

References 203 publications

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

An NIR Type I Photosensitizer Based on a Cyclometalated Ir(III)-Rhodamine Complex for a Photodynamic Antibacterial Effect toward Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

Precise Molecular Engineering of Multi‐Suborganelle Targeted NIR Type‑I AIE Photosensitizer and Design of Cell Membrane‐Anchored Anti‐Tumor Pyroptosis Vaccine

Precision Photothermal Therapy at Mild Temperature: NIR‐II Imaging‐Guided, H2O2‐Responsive Stealth Nanobomb

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Precision Photothermal Therapy at Mild Temperature: NIR‐II Imaging‐Guided, H₂O₂‐Responsive Stealth Nanobomb