Mitochondrial ascorbic acid transport is mediated by a low-affinity form of the sodium-coupled ascorbic acid transporter-2

Ascorbic acid prolongs the viability and stability of isolated perfused lungs: A mechanistic study using 31P and hyperpolarized 13C nuclear magnetic resonance

“…Wright, et al, [70] present results that are consistent with unidirectional, saturable transport with This expression is consistent with previous measurements showing intracellular accumulation such that the intracellular ascorbate level of rat lungs is 16-22 times higher than that in plasma at typical physiological concentrations (0.1mM) [70]. Notably, although the preceding discussion refers to cytosolic ascorbate, previous measurements have shown the activity of sodiumdependent vitamin C transporters (SVCTs) in transporting reduced ascorbate across the mitochondrial membrane [71][72][73] and have demonstrated a linear relationship between the mitochondrial and cytosolic ascorbate isolated mitochondria [72].…”

U937 cell apoptosis induced by arsenite is prevented by low concentrations of mitochondrial ascorbic acid with hardly any effect mediated by the cytosolic fraction of the vitamin

“…AA is directly taken up by the cells via sodium-AA cotransporters (SVCT1 and 2) [35][36][37] or, in alternative, under conditions associated with its extracellular oxidation, taken up as dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) by facilitative hexose transport. Most importantly, cytosolic vitamin C may then be transported in mitochondria as DHA [38][39][40] or, as recently demonstrated in our [41] and other [42] laboratories, directly as AA.…”

Composition of the redox environment of the endoplasmic reticulum and sources of hydrogen peroxide

“…GLUT10 has been recently proposed as an ER DHA transporter [83], but the fact that pathological alterations in its inherited deficiency (arterial tortuosity syndrome, [84]) is restricted to certain cell types only suggests that other ER DHA transporters must exist. It should be noted that partial 12 colocalization of the sodium-dependent ascorbate transporter SVCT2 and PDI, and the copurification of SVCT2 with the ER chaperon calnexin were also reported [85]. However, functional characterization of ascorbic acid transport in the ER is required to estimate its contribution to vitamin C uptake by the organelle.…”