Mitochondrial calcium signaling in the brain and its modulation by neurotropic viruses

Chaudhuri, Rituparna Kundu; Arora, Himali; Seth, Pankaj

doi:10.1016/j.mito.2021.03.010

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…Among HIV proteins involved in HAND-associated neurodegeneration, Tat (trans-activator of transcription) was found to induce a [Ca2+] increase in cultured embryonic rat hippocampal neurons, with an effect on mitochondria, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) accumulation, and induction of neuronal apoptosis. Calcium increase is also mediated by HIV glycoproteins gp120 and gp160 [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Players in Mitochondria-Related CNS Disorders: Viral Pathogens and Unbalanced Microbiota in the Gut-Brain Axis

et al. 2023

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Billions of years of co-evolution has made mitochondria central to the eukaryotic cell and organism life playing the role of cellular power plants, as indeed they are involved in most, if not all, important regulatory pathways. Neurological disorders depending on impaired mitochondrial function or homeostasis can be caused by the misregulation of “endogenous players”, such as nuclear or cytoplasmic regulators, which have been treated elsewhere. In this review, we focus on how exogenous agents, i.e., viral pathogens, or unbalanced microbiota in the gut-brain axis can also endanger mitochondrial dynamics in the central nervous system (CNS). Neurotropic viruses such as Herpes, Rabies, West-Nile, and Polioviruses seem to hijack neuronal transport networks, commandeering the proteins that mitochondria typically use to move along neurites. However, several neurological complications are also associated to infections by pandemic viruses, such as Influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, representing a relevant risk associated to seasonal flu, coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and “Long-COVID”. Emerging evidence is depicting the gut microbiota as a source of signals, transmitted via sensory neurons innervating the gut, able to influence brain structure and function, including cognitive functions. Therefore, the direct connection between intestinal microbiota and mitochondrial functions might concur with the onset, progression, and severity of CNS diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%