Mitochondrial DNA genetic variations among four horse populations in Egypt

Othman, Othman E.; Mahrous, Karima F.; Shafey, Heba I.

doi:10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.06.004

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…All these haplogroups were considered as of European origin by [11] except for haplogroup Q, which has a more Asian or Middle Eastern distribution and is present, for example, in the Arabian horse. Mitochondrial DNA diversity in the Finnhorses ( = 0.022 and = 0.979) is relatively similar to that detected in many other horse breeds [41–43]. In the domestic horse, it has been suggested that the large number of haplogroups and haplotypes spread over wide geographic regions results from a large number of mares having been incorporated into the domestic horse population [11, 12, 44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Genetic variability and history of a native Finnish horse breed

et al. 2019

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Background The Finnhorse was established as a breed more than 110 years ago by combining local Finnish landraces. Since its foundation, the breed has experienced both strong directional selection, especially for size and colour, and severe population bottlenecks that are connected with its initial foundation and subsequent changes in agricultural and forestry practices. Here, we used sequences of the mitochondrial control region and genomic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to estimate the genetic diversity and differentiation of the four Finnhorse breeding sections: trotters, pony-sized horses, draught horses and riding horses. Furthermore, we estimated inbreeding and effective population sizes over time to infer the history of this breed. Results We found a high level of mitochondrial genetic variation and identified 16 of the 18 haplogroups described in present-day horses. Interestingly, one of these detected haplogroups was previously reported only in the Przewalski’s horse. Female effective population sizes were in the thousands, but declines were evident at the times when the breed and its breeding sections were founded. By contrast, nuclear variation and effective population sizes were small (approximately 50). Nevertheless, inbreeding in Finnhorses was lower than in many other horse breeds. Based on nuclear SNP data, genetic differentiation among the four breeding sections was strongest between the draught horses and the three other sections ( F ST = 0.007–0.018), whereas based on mitochondrial DNA data, it was strongest between the trotters and the pony-sized and riding horses (Φ ST = 0.054–0.068). Conclusions The existence of a Przewalski’s horse haplogroup in the Finnhorse provides new insights into the domestication of the horse, and this finding supports previous suggestions of a close relationship between the Finnhorse and eastern primitive breeds. The high level of mitochondrial DNA variation in the Finnhorse supports its domestication from a large number of mares but also reflects that its founding depended on many local landraces. Although inbreeding in Finnhorses was lower than in many other horse breeds, the small nuclear effective population sizes of each of its breeding sections can be considered as a warning sign, which warrants changes in breeding practices. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12711-019-0480-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Genetic variability and history of a native Finnish horse breed

et al. 2019

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“…The haplotype diversity of Kabardian (0.980) is similar to that of the additional investigated Asian horses or higher. That also applies to comparison with other breeds like Arabian (0.784 and 0.962), Thoroughbred (0.883 and 0.942), Kazakh (0.977), Chinese (0.978 and 0.989) as well as Brazilian (varying from 0.200 to 0.944) horses (Zhang et al, 2012;Ianella et al, 2017;Othman et al, 2017). However, the Kabardian horse has a huge genetic variability in its maternal lineages representing a diverse origin and a longstanding history, which is in agreement with recently published microsatellite analysis (Duduev et al, 2014).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 92%

Genetic analysis of maternal and paternal lineages in Kabardian horses by uniparental molecular markers

Khaudov¹,

Duduev²,

Kokov³

et al. 2018

Open Vet J.

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Studies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as well as the non-recombining part of the Y chromosome help to understand the origin and distribution of maternal and paternal lineages. The Kabardian horse from Northern Caucasia which is well-known for strength, stamina and endurance in distance riding has a large gap in its breeding documentation especially in the recent past. A 309 bp fragment of the mitochondrial D-loop (156 Kabardian horses) and six mutations in Y chromosome (49 Kabardian stallions), respectively, were analyzed to get a better insight into breeding history, phylogenetic relationship to related breeds, maternal and paternal diversity and genetic structure. We found a high mitochondrial diversity represented by 64 D-loop haplotypes out of 14 haplogroups. The most frequent haplogroups were G (19.5%), L (12.3%), Q (11.7%), and B (11.0%). Although these four haplogroups are also frequently found in Asian riding horses (e.g. Buryat, Kirghiz, Mongolian, Transbaikalian, Tuvinian) the percentage of the particular haplogroups varies sometimes remarkable. In contrast, the obtained haplogroup pattern from Kabardian horse was more similar to that of breeds reared in the Middle East. No specific haplotype cluster was observed in the phylogenetic tree for Kabardian horses. On Kabardian Y chromosome, two mutations were found leading to three haplotypes with a percentage of 36.7% (haplotype HT1), 38.8% (haplotype HT2) and 24.5% (haplotype HT3), respectively. The high mitochondrial and also remarkable paternal diversity of the Kabardian horse is caused by its long history with a widely spread maternal origin and the introduction of Arabian as well as Thoroughbred influenced stallions for improvement. This high genetic diversity provides a good situation for the ongoing breed development and performance selection as well as avoiding inbreeding.

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“…Sequenced fragments of the horse MSTN gene were assembled into one sequence of 463 bp that resulted 100% identical with that was in the existing data in GenBank derived from Equus caballus compare with Although some studies has mentioned about the mt-DNA genetic variations in horses based on its breeds, countries and regions [12] [13] [14], there is still rare information about the role of MSTN gene in Sandalwood horse. Up to now, the selection is just based on its morphology that has limitations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Study of Myostatin Gene in Stallion and Mares of Sandelwood Horses in Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara

Gaina¹,

Francis²

2021

Advances in Biological Sciences Research

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Sandelwood horse is one of local horses in Indonesia that has become known for its use in horse racing competition. Many genes are known to have an effect on performances traits, but the role of one gene, Myostatin (MSTN) has not been explored yet. This gene is responsible for embryonic and adult muscle development. Due to the rare information about this gene characteristic, this study aimed to identify myostatin (MSTN) gene in Sandelwood horse in both male and female horses. The blood sample from five stallions and five mares which reared half wildly in Sumba Island were collected and analyzed. The method used in this research was polymerase chain reaction (PCR), electrophoresis and DNA Sequencing. Myostatin gene was successfully amplified with a temperature 60 0 c for 463 bp. A total of 10 samples have been sequenced in PCR machine. The MSTN gene forward primer was 5'-TATTCTTCTTGGGAGGGAGGACTACT-3' and reverse primer was 5'-GCAAGTAATTAGCACAAAAATTTGAATG-3'. The software Basic Alignment Local Search Tool (BLAST) was used to sequence and to analyses the samples. The results showed that the MSTN gene in local Sandelwood horse in both stallion and mare horses have similarities with Anglo Arabian horse according to the existing data in GenBank.

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Mitochondrial DNA genetic variations among four horse populations in Egypt

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic variability and history of a native Finnish horse breed

Genetic variability and history of a native Finnish horse breed

Genetic analysis of maternal and paternal lineages in Kabardian horses by uniparental molecular markers

Molecular Study of Myostatin Gene in Stallion and Mares of Sandelwood Horses in Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara

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