Mitochondrial DNA lineages of Italian Giara and Sarcidano horses

Morelli, Laura; Useli, Antonella; Sanna, Daria; Barbato, Mario; Contu, Daniela; Pala, Maria; Cancedda, Mario; Francalacci, Paolo

doi:10.4238/2014.october.20.1

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Nucleotide diversity (π) across all Italian horses was estimated at 0.020. Haplotype diversity was also very high (Hd = 0.979), confirming what already seen in previous horse mtDNA studies [ 8 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 35 ]. We detected the highest haplotype diversity in the Maremmano horse (Hd = 0.980), followed by the Sardinian Anglo-Arab (Hd = 0.970).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The stochastic distribution of our haplotypes among the remaining 17 haplogroups confirms that it is not possible to identify breed-specific mitochondrial clades, at least at this level of resolution. About one fourth (N = 109) of the 407 Italian samples carries the haplogroup L mutational motif (nps 15494, 15495 and 15496), which was often reported as the most common in a wide range of Italian (Bardigiano, Giara, Haflinger, Italian Heavy Draught, Italian Trotter, Lipizzan, Maremmano, Murgese, Sanfratellano, Sarcidano, Sicilian Indigenous and Ventasso horse) and Western Eurasian breeds [ 6 , 8 , 19 , 29 – 32 , 36 – 38 ]. Haplogroup L is also the most common in seven Italian breeds analyzed in this work, while it is absent among the Arabian samples ( Table 4 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Italy, several local breeds have reached a national recognition due to their phenotypic characteristics and to particular socio-cultural and productive peculiarities (a complete list is available at http://www.fao.org/dad-is/ ). However, genetic studies of Italian horse breeds are still limited [ 25 – 28 ] and there are only a few examples of maternal inheritance investigations, but they generally focused on a specific geographic area [ 14 , 29 , 30 ] or included a limited number of samples per breed [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Ten Italian Horse Breeds through Mitochondrial DNA

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe climatic and cultural diversity of the Italian Peninsula triggered, over time, the development of a great variety of horse breeds, whose origin and history are still unclear. To clarify this issue, analyses on phenotypic traits and genealogical data were recently coupled with molecular screening.MethodologyTo provide a comprehensive overview of the horse genetic variability in Italy, we produced and phylogenetically analyzed 407 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control-region sequences from ten of the most important Italian riding horse and pony breeds: Bardigiano, Esperia, Giara, Lipizzan, Maremmano, Monterufolino, Murgese, Sarcidano, Sardinian Anglo-Arab, and Tolfetano. A collection of 36 Arabian horses was also evaluated to assess the genetic consequences of their common use for the improvement of some local breeds.ConclusionsIn Italian horses, all previously described domestic mtDNA haplogroups were detected as well as a high haplotype diversity. These findings indicate that the ancestral local mares harbored an extensive genetic diversity. Moreover, the limited haplotype sharing (11%) with the Arabian horse reveals that its impact on the autochthonous mitochondrial gene pools during the final establishment of pure breeds was marginal, if any. The only significant signs of genetic structure and differentiation were detected in the geographically most isolated contexts (i.e. Monterufolino and Sardinian breeds). Such a geographic effect was also confirmed in a wider breed setting, where the Italian pool stands in an intermediate position together with most of the other Mediterranean stocks. However, some notable exceptions and peculiar genetic proximities lend genetic support to historical theories about the origin of specific Italian breeds.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Overview of Ten Italian Horse Breeds through Mitochondrial DNA

et al. 2016

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“…Despite its condition of endangered breed, SAL revealed an unexpected high variability in the maternal lineages; this finding is in agreement with those recently reported in two Sardinian autochthonous horses (Morelli et al, 2014). It is therefore considered that the bottleneck has affected to a reduced extent the maternal lines.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

Criscione

Moltisanti

Chies

et al. 2015

Animal

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Salernitano (SAL) is an ancient Italian horse breed developed over the course of the ages together with Napoletano and, during the 20th century, by crossing with Thoroughbred horse lines. Excellent in hurdle jumping, this breed is currently facing a concrete risk of extinction due to the lack of appropriate management strategies. This research is the first SAL genetic characterization that aims to set up the basic knowledge for a conservation plan. A representative sample of 61 SALs was analyzed by means of a set of 16 microsatellites markers (short tandem repeats (STRs)). The sequence of hypervariable D-loop mtDNA region was also performed on a subset of 24 mares in order to study the maternal diversity and obtain a complete picture of the internal genetic variation. All the molecular data were analyzed together with those obtained from three Sicilian horse breeds investigated in a previous research (Siciliano, Sanfratellano and Sicilian Oriental Purebred). STRs markers revealed a moderate level of genetic diversity in SAL (alleles/ locus 5.1, He 0.67) and confirmed the hunch of genetic erosion. Autosomal variability highlighted a very light deficit of homozygotes (FIS = − 0.067). Experimental D-loop sequences were compared by multiple alignments with those retrieved from biological databases and revealed two unreported haplotypes. The phylogenetic network, which was built on mtDNA sequences, included various cosmopolitan and European horses and showed SAL haplotypes distributed among different mtDNA lineages.

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“…The genetic structure of a thoroughbred horse breed by haplogroups of the mtDNA Dloop is generally typical of European populations. Haplogroups such as B, G, I, and L are most widely used [11,15,16]. It can be considered logical that the mitochondrial genome of thoroughbred riding horses is represented by only 8 of 18 haplogroups, since the gene pool of this breed was formed by a limited number of horses recorded in Volume I of the General Studentbook, published in England in 1791.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MtDNA Haplotype Analysis in Dam Families of the Thoroughbred Riding Horses

Храброва¹,

Зайцев²,

Vikulova³

et al. 2020

Modern Trends in Agricultural Production in the World Economy

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The high level of diversity of the genetic structure of mitochondrial DNA and inheritance through the maternal line make it a unique object for studying evolutionary processes, phylogenetic relationships and assessing population diversity. 64 thoroughbred horse mares were selected from 20 main dam families and the most promising branches for analysis of the non-coding region of the mtDNA D-loop. Primers for amplification of the mtDNA D-loop region were selected taking into account the reference sequence of the fossil Swedish horse X79547. GeneBank data was used for 17 haplogroups located under the access number (n = 83): JN398377-JN398457, EF597513-EF597514 for identifying the obtained nucleotide sequences. The 530 mtDNA D-loop region analysis was performed using the MEGA4 program. 23 haplotypes corresponding to 8 haplogroups A, B, G, H, I, L, M and N according to the classification of Achilli et al. (2012) were identified in the process of studying the polymorphism of the hypervariable region of the mtDNA D-loop in dam families of thoroughbred horse breed. Among mares from 20 dam families 16 were identified as belonging to only one haplogroup. 2 haplogroups were identified in 4 dam families of this breed (4,5,9, 19) due mainly to transitions at different breeding periods of thoroughbred riding horses. The genetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of the main dam lines of thoroughbred horse breed indicates a rather high level of diversity of mtDNA haplotypes and a clear differentiation of female families in the domestic population of this breed..

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Mitochondrial DNA lineages of Italian Giara and Sarcidano horses

Cited by 15 publications

References 36 publications

An Overview of Ten Italian Horse Breeds through Mitochondrial DNA

An Overview of Ten Italian Horse Breeds through Mitochondrial DNA

A genetic analysis of the Italian Salernitano horse

MtDNA Haplotype Analysis in Dam Families of the Thoroughbred Riding Horses

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