Mitochondrial DNA Variability and Conservation Genetics of the Sumatran Rhinoceros

Morales, Juan Carlos; Andau, Patrick; Supriatna, Jatna; Zainuddin, Zainal Zahari; Melnick, Don J.

doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1997.96171.x

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Clearly the two populations have separate evolutionary trajectories, advocating independent management. Separate management was recommended for the two Sumatran rhino subspecies D. s. sumatrensis and D. s. harrisoni in view of their genetic divergence and possible detrimental effects of gene flow between long separated genetically distinct conspecifics (Morales et al 1997). The Ujung Kulon and Cat Tien rhinos are much more divergent than the two Sumatran rhino subspecies.…”

Section: Conservation and Management: Cat Tienmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, phylogeny and conservation of the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

et al. 2006

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With a total population of less than 60 individuals limited to two locations, the Javan rhinoceros is perhaps the most endangered large mammal on earth. Although species specific information is crucial to its conservation, its precarious status, habitat inaccessibility, and behavioral adaptations pose major obstacles to its study. Here we report on the first genetic analysis of the two extant populations, in Ujung Kulon, Indonesia, and Cat Tien, Vietnam, and discuss their conservation. As its critically endangered status precluded invasive sampling, we extracted DNA from dung, amplifying and sequencing segments of the mtDNA 12S rRNA gene and the non-coding D-loop. Divergence between Javan rhinos from Ujung Kulon and Cat Tien was similar to that between recognized subspecies of African rhinos, and exceeded that between Sumatran rhinos. The Ujung Kulon and Cat Tien populations represent separate Evolutionary Significant Units, advocating independent management. However, given the precariousness of the Cat Tien population, demographic considerations may override genetic issues in the short term. Genetic diversity of Javan rhinos was low and population expansion in the immediate future will be critical for its survival.

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Section: Conservation and Management: Cat Tienmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity, phylogeny and conservation of the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

et al. 2006

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“…In contrast, eastern and western regions (and not necessarily northern and southern regions) of the Sunda shelf have major genetic and morphological differences in other primates (Brandongones, 1996;Xu & Arnason, 1996) and other mammals such as rhinos (Morales et al, 1997) and rodents (Musser, 1979). Outside of the haplotype of M. nemestrina from northeast Borneo, mtDNA relationships as discerned from likelihood analysis suggest separate mtDNA haplotype diversification in M. nemestrina on the eastern Sunda region (Sumatra, Mentawai Islands, and continental Asia) and on Borneo.…”

Section: Nemestrinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of the Sulawesi macaques (Cercopithecidae: Macaca) as suggested by mitochondrial DNA phylogeny

Evans

Morales

Supriatna

et al. 1999

Biological Journal of the Linnean Society

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One of the sharpest biogeographical transitions in the world occurs between the Indonesian islands of Borneo and Sulawesi; this transition is demarcated by Wallace's line. Macaque monkeys represent an interesting anomaly to faunal distributions in this region as they occur on both sides of Wallace's line, with Macaca fmcicularis, M. nemestrina and other species to the west and seven Sulawesi species to the east. We have investigated macaque evolution and dispersal in the Sunda region and Sulawesi using phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Female philopatry of macaques, which causes sharp geographic clustering of maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, makes mitochondrial phylogenies particularly useful for investigating ancient patterns of dispersal. Results of this study suggest the following: (1) M. farcicularis is not a sister taxon to any species of Sulawesi macaque; (2) haplotypes of some M. nemestrina have a sister relationship to northern and central Sulawesi macaques, while haplotypes of other M. nemestrina have a sister relationship to southern Sulawesi macaques; (3) Sulawesi was probably colonized by macaques twice, once to the base of the northern peninsula now occupied by M. hecki and once to the southwestern peninsula now occupied by M. maura; and (4) within north/central and southern Sulawesi, patterns of dispersal are largely consistent with contemporary and past geography of the island, with the exception of a geographically discontinuous relationship between M. n@a and a portion of M. tonkeana from a region in northwest central Sulawesi.

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“…used complete mitochondrial genomes but included only the white and Indian rhinoceroses. Other studies have dealt with the conservation genetics of the Sumatran (Amato et al, 1995;Morales et al, 1997) and the black (O'Ryan et al, 1994) rhinoceroses using mitochondrial DNA markers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Relationships of the Five Extant Rhinoceros Species (Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla) Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and 12S rRNA Genes

Tougard

Delefosse

Hänni

et al. 2001

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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Mitochondrial DNA Variability and Conservation Genetics of the Sumatran Rhinoceros

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Genetic diversity, phylogeny and conservation of the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

Genetic diversity, phylogeny and conservation of the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus)

Origin of the Sulawesi macaques (Cercopithecidae: Macaca) as suggested by mitochondrial DNA phylogeny

Phylogenetic Relationships of the Five Extant Rhinoceros Species (Rhinocerotidae, Perissodactyla) Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome b and 12S rRNA Genes

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