Mitochondrial Dynamics: The Control of Mitochondrial Shape, Size, Number, Motility, and Cellular Inheritance

Scott, Iain; Logan, David C.

doi:10.1002/9780470986592.ch1

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…html). The mt genome size disparity among fungi suggests a dynamic history of expansion and contraction, similar to plant mitochondria (Scott & Logan, 2007). Several major factors that contribute to mt genome diversity are known and include proliferation of noncoding content (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile elements and mitochondrial genome expansion in the soil fungus and potato pathogenRhizoctonia solaniAG-3

Losada

Pakala

Fedorova

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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The soil fungus Rhizoctonia solani is an economically important pathogen of agricultural and forestry crops. Here, we present the complete sequence and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of R. solani, field isolate Rhs1AP. The genome (235 849 bp) is the largest mitochondrial genome of a filamentous fungus sequenced to date and exhibits a rich accumulation of introns, novel repeat sequences, homing endonuclease genes, and hypothetical genes. Stable secondary structures exhibited by repeat sequences suggest that they comprise functional, possibly catalytic RNA elements. RNA-Seq expression profiling confirmed that the majority of homing endonuclease genes and hypothetical genes are transcriptionally active. Comparative analysis suggests that the mitochondrial genome of R. solani is an example of a dynamic history of expansion in filamentous fungi.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile elements and mitochondrial genome expansion in the soil fungus and potato pathogenRhizoctonia solaniAG-3

Losada

Pakala

Fedorova

et al. 2014

FEMS Microbiol Lett

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“…Although the amount of mitochondria may be indicated by units of volume, the quantification by unit of cross sectional area is a viable approach since mitochondria are discrete organelles [38]. The amount of mitochondria and O 2 consumption do not always show a positive correlation.…”

Section: Modifications In the Quantity And Activity Of Root Mitochondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitochondria are pleomorphic organelles co-existing as a mixture of heterogeneous morphologies in the same cell [38]. Their different sizes and morphologies seem to be regulated by a particular set of genes [43] which are differentially expressed under different conditions.…”

Section: Size Of Root Mitochondria In Dark-incubated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both mitochondrial number and size depend, in part, on the balance between mitochondrial fission and fusion [38]. These processes are frequent in plant cells [46].…”

Section: Size Of Root Mitochondria In Dark-incubated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These processes are frequent in plant cells [46]. For example, the disruption of either of two Arabidopsis dynamin-like genes, DRP3A or DRP3B, results in an increase in the size of the individual mitochondria and a concomitant decrease in the number of mitochondria per cell [47,38]. We found that while smaller mitochondria were the most abundant and variable (i.e., their amount decreased the most after 10d under darkness), the abundance of mitochondria of other size classes remained fairly constant.…”

Section: Size Of Root Mitochondria In Dark-incubated Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative and quantitative modifications of root mitochondria during senescence of above-ground parts of Arabidopis thaliana

2017

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This work studied modifications experienced by root mitochondria during whole plant senescence or under light deprivation, using Arabidopsis thaliana plants with YFP tagged to mitochondria. During post-bolting development, root respiratory activity started to decline after aboveground organs (i.e., rosette leaves) had senesced. This suggests that carbohydrate starvation may induce root senescence. Similarly, darkening the whole plant induced a decrease in respiration of roots. This was partially due to a decrease in the number of total mitochondria (YFP-labelled mitochondria) and most probably to a decrease in the quantity of mitochondria with a developed inner membrane potential (ΔΨm, i.e., Mitotracker red- labelled mitochondria). Also, the lower amount of mitochondria with ΔΨm compared to YFP-labelled mitochondria at 10d of whole darkened plant, suggests the presence of mitochondria in a "standby state". The experiments also suggest that small mitochondria made the main contribution to the respiratory activity that was lost during root senescence. Sugar supplementation partially restored the respiration of mitochondria after 10d of whole plant dark treatment. These results suggest that root senescence is triggered by carbohydrate starvation, with loss of ΔΨm mitochondria and changes in mitochondrial size distribution.

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Temporal rhythm of petal programmed cell death in Ipomoea purpurea

Gui

Wang

et al. 2016

Plant Biol J

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Flowers are the main sexual reproductive organs in plants. The shapes, colours and scents of corolla of plant flowers are involved in attracting insect pollinators and increasing reproductive success. The process of corolla senescence was investigated in Ipomoea purpurea (Convolvulaceae) in this study. In the research methods of plant anatomy, cytology, cell chemistry and molecular biology were used. The results showed that at the flowering stage cells already began to show distortion, chromatin condensation, mitochondrial membrane degradation and tonoplast dissolution and rupture. At this stage genomic DNA underwent massive but gradual random degradation. However, judging from the shape and structure, aging characteristics did not appear until the early flower senescence stage. The senescence process was slow, and it was completed at the late stage of flower senescence with a withering corolla. We may safely arrive at the conclusion that corolla senescence of I. purpurea was mediated by programmed cell death (PCD) that occurred at the flowering stage. The corolla senescence exhibited an obvious temporal rhythm, which demonstrated a high degree of coordination with pollination and fertilization.

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Mitochondrial Dynamics: The Control of Mitochondrial Shape, Size, Number, Motility, and Cellular Inheritance

Cited by 5 publications

References 146 publications

Mobile elements and mitochondrial genome expansion in the soil fungus and potato pathogenRhizoctonia solaniAG-3

Mobile elements and mitochondrial genome expansion in the soil fungus and potato pathogenRhizoctonia solaniAG-3

Qualitative and quantitative modifications of root mitochondria during senescence of above-ground parts of Arabidopis thaliana

Temporal rhythm of petal programmed cell death in Ipomoea purpurea

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