Mitochondrial effects of copper‐limited growth of <i>Torulopsis utilis</i>

Light, P.Ann

doi:10.1016/0014-5793(72)80070-x

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…J. 124, 123-134 Tandler, B., Erlandson, R. A., Smith, A. L. & Wynder, E. L. (1969 During continuous culture of Candida utilis under conditions of copper limitation with glycerol as the carbon and energy source, as described by Light (1972), we observed that the culture spontaneously changed to give an approximately fourfold increase of cell concentration. At the same time the concentration of unused glycerol in the culture fell to almost zero.…”

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confidence: 63%

“…These effects were more marked with copper deficiency. It was decided to investigate the possible generality of these phenomena, and we have therefore made an electron-microscopic study of Candida utilis cells grown in continuous culture under conditions of glycerol, iron or copper limitation (Light & Garland, 1971;Light, 1972;Downie & Garland, 1972). Sections of glycerol-limited cells were of typical appearance for aerobically grown yeast, showing up to 10-15 oval mitochondrial profiles per cell.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Giant mitochondria in iron- or copper-deficient Candida utilis

Davison¹,

Downie²,

Garland³

1972

Biochemical Journal

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confidence: 63%

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confidence: 99%

Giant mitochondria in iron- or copper-deficient Candida utilis

Davison¹,

Downie²,

Garland³

1972

Biochemical Journal

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“…Similarly, in high-Cu 2÷ medium, no apparent repression of Cu 2÷ transport occurred. It is possible that the reduced cytochrome aa 3 content resulting from Cu 2++ limitation in yeasts [21] may directly or indirectly impair Cu 2 ++ uptake thus masking any elevated transport, however in view of the almost identical initial uptake rates for all three Cu 2++ conditions this seems most unlikely. These results indicate that the Cu 2++ transporter in C. utilis is a constitutive system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The regulation of Mn2+ and Cu2+ uptake in cells of the yeast Candida utilis grown in continuous culture

Parkin¹

1986

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Transport of Mn 2+ was repressed in Candida utilis cells grown in continuous culture in high-Mn 2÷ (100 /IM Mn 2÷) medium as compared to cells grown in basic (0.45 # M Mn 2 ÷) and low-Mn 2 + (< 0.05 #M Mn 2+) media. In contrast, no repression of Cu 2+ uptake occurred in high-Cu2÷-grown (25/tM Cu 2÷) cells as compared to cells grown in basic medium (0.54/LM Cu2÷). Cu2÷-limited cells did not hyperaccumulate Cu 2÷ and there was not significant difference in initial uptake rates for all 3 Cu 2÷ conditions. Mn 2÷ uptake appears to be regulated by a mechanism sensitive to the external Mn 2÷ concentration, whereas Cu 2+ transport is not governed in this way by the external Cu 2+. INTRODUCTIONMn 2+ and Cu 2+ are both required in trace amounts by yeasts [1] although Cu 2+ at higher concentrations exerts a number of toxic effects [2].Regulation of internal solute levels in the presence of high external ion concentrations is an important feature of cellular metabolism. There are a number of strategies by which micro-organisms may maintain homeostasis of cellular metal ions and these include energy-driven metal efflux systems [3,4], a tonoplast transport system to regulate cytosolic and vacuolar divalent cation concentrations [5] and the presence of metal-binding proteins [6] and polyphosphates [7].While many studies of metal ion transport in yeasts have been reported [8], few have considered the control of these transport systems. Such regulation may markedly affect cellular metal levels, particularly during exposure of cells to toxic external concentrations of metal ions.Studies of Mn 2+ uptake in bacteria [9,10] and' Mg 2+ uptake [11] have demonstrated repression of transport following growth in media containing high concentrations of Mn 2+ and Mg 2+, respectively. Cells of C. utilis grown in continuous culture under conditions of Zn 2 + limitation possessed the capacity to hyperaccumulate Zn 2+ far in excess of the level attained in Zn2+-supplemented medium [12], indicating derepression of the uptake mechanism under these conditions. Whilst a number of other authors have found it impossible to create Mn2+-deficient conditions as cells are capable of growth in media containing Mn 2+ present as trace impurities of medium constituents [3], it is however possible to prepare 0378-1097/86/$03.50

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“…1975). However, the possible role of zinc in producing the energetic deficiencies characteristic of the "iron-limited phenotype" is uncertain (Light 1972;Aiking c. t 01. 1977).…”

Section: Hcr Lr~loly~iccrl Derer~nitlnriot~smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in contrast to the welldocumented surveys in the literature on the effects caused by deficiencies with respect to each of several other essential inorganic metabolites including iron (Clegg and Light 1971;Clegg and Garland 1971;Cobley et a / . 1975), magnesium (Light and Garland 197 I), sulphate (Haddock and Garland 1971), potassium (Aiking and Tempest 1976;Aiking et al 1977), and copper (Light 1972;Downie and Garland 1973) on C. utilis growing in continuous culture, the physiological consequences of zinc limitation have not been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physiology of Candida utilis yeast in zinc-limited chemostat culture

Lawford¹,

Pik²,

Lawford³

et al. 1980

Can. J. Microbiol.

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Candida utilis NRRLY -900 was grown in aerobic continuous culture in a minimal salts medium with sucrose (1% w/v) as the carbon source. increasing the concentration of zinc in the medium from 2.3 microM results in an increase in the apparent critical dilution rate from 0.3 to 0.47h-1, and in the maximum biomass productivity form 1.5g dry weight per litre per hour (at D=0.33-1) to 2.56g per litre per hour (at D = 0.45-1). The maximum steady-state level of cell-associated zinc (at D = 0.4-1) is 4nmol Zn2+/mg dry weight, during carbon-limited growth, and about 9mumol Zn2+/mg dry weight when FeCI3 is omitted form the medium. At input zinc concentrations <20microM, the cellular zinc concentration decreases linearly in proportion to the input zinc concentration and at <4.5microM Zn2+ the culture becomes zinc-limited. Zinc-limitation results in a decrease iun the growth yield Ysurcosefrom 0.54 to 0.38 cells/g sucrose consumed, and Y0 from 22 to 13g cells/g-atom 02, suggesting an altered efficiency of energy metabolism. The composition of the culture biomass with respect to protein and RNA content is not affected by zinc limitation.

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Mitochondrial effects of copper‐limited growth of Torulopsis utilis

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Giant mitochondria in iron- or copper-deficient Candida utilis

Giant mitochondria in iron- or copper-deficient Candida utilis

The regulation of Mn2+ and Cu2+ uptake in cells of the yeast Candida utilis grown in continuous culture

Physiology of Candida utilis yeast in zinc-limited chemostat culture

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