Mitochondrial Photobiomodulation as a Neurotherapeutic Strategy for Epilepsy

Cardoso, Fabrízio Dos Santos; González-Lima, Francisco; Coimbra, Norberto Cysne

doi:10.3389/fneur.2022.873496

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…On the other hand, the other opinion highlights tPBM-induced effects on CCO, which stimulates ATP production by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and oxygen consumption [26,58]. This view enables to explain the tPBM-induced augmentation of human cognition in healthy humans besides in patients with brain disorders [26,58,101]. This side of opinions has been supported by several publications [58], and now by two other independent studies that also reported significant improvement of working memory in healthy young [102] and older adults [103] by repeated tPBM.…”

Section: Two Opinions On Basic Mechanism Of Tpbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

et al. 2022

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Objective. Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has shown promising benefits, including cognitive improvement, in healthy humans and in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. In this study, we aimed to identify key cortical regions that present significant changes caused by tPBM in the electroencephalogram (EEG) oscillation powers and functional connectivity in the healthy human brain. Approach. A 64-channel EEG was recorded from 45 healthy participants during a 13-min period consisting of a 2-min baseline, 8-min tPBM/sham intervention, and 3-min recovery. After pre-processing and normalizing the EEG data at the five EEG rhythms, cluster-based permutation tests were performed for multiple comparisons of spectral power topographies, followed by graph-theory analysis (GTA) as a topological approach for quantification of brain connectivity metrics at global and nodal/cluster levels. Main results. EEG power enhancement was observed in clusters of channels over the frontoparietal regions in the alpha band and the centroparietal regions in the beta band. The global measures of the network revealed a reduction in synchronization, global efficiency, and small-worldness of beta band connectivity, implying an enhancement of brain network complexity. In addition, in the beta band, nodal graphical analysis demonstrated significant increases in local information integration and centrality over the frontal clusters, accompanied by a decrease in segregation over the bilateral frontal, left parietal, and left occipital regions. Significance. Frontal tPBM increased EEG alpha and beta powers in the frontal-central-parietal regions, enhanced the complexity of the global beta-wave brain network, and augmented local information flow and integration of beta oscillations across prefrontal cortical regions. This study sheds light on the potential link between electrophysiological effects and human cognitive improvement induced by tPBM.

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Section: Two Opinions On Basic Mechanism Of Tpbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

et al. 2022

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“…99 It is believed that mitochondria play an important role in this process. 100 The most commonly used energy is visible red and near-infrared radiation. It is likely that this energy is absorbed by the mitochondria and affects adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and cytochrome oxidase C plays a key role in this process.…”

Section: Nonspecific Photo Bio Mod Ula Tion To Suppress Epileptiform ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that this energy is absorbed by the mitochondria and affects adenosine triphosphate synthesis, and cytochrome oxidase C plays a key role in this process. 100 Using an in vivo epilepsy model, it was demonstrated that tPBM (808 nm) attenuates seizures and SE induced by pentylenetetrazole in rats. 101 Probably, the biological basis for this action of PBM is the reduction of neuronal damage in the cortex and cortical structures.…”

Section: Nonspecific Photo Bio Mod Ula Tion To Suppress Epileptiform ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From a physical point of view, PBM, including transcranial PBM (tPBM) therapy, is the use of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation to trigger a series of photochemical reactions in living cells 99 . It is believed that mitochondria play an important role in this process 100 . The most commonly used energy is visible red and near‐infrared radiation.…”

Section: Nonspecific Photobiomodulation To Suppress Epileptiform Acti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurophotonic methods in approach to in vivo animal epileptic models: Advantages and limitations

Tsytsarev,

Sopova,

Leonova

et al. 2024

Epilepsia

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Neurophotonic technology is a rapidly growing group of techniques that are based on the interactions of light with natural or genetically modified cells of the neural system. New optical technologies make it possible to considerably extend the tools of neurophysiological research, from the visualization of functional activity changes to control of brain tissue excitability. This opens new perspectives for studying the mechanisms underlying the development of human neurological diseases. Epilepsy is one of the most common brain disorders; it is characterized by recurrent seizures and affects >1% of the world's population. However, how seizures occur, spread, and terminate in a healthy brain is still unclear. Therefore, it is extremely important to develop appropriate models to accurately explore the causal relationship of epileptic activity. The use of neurophotonic technologies in epilepsy research falls into two broad categories: the visualization of neural epileptic activity, and the direct optical influence on neurons to induce or suppress epileptic activity. An optogenetic variant of the classical kindling model of epileptic seizures, in which activatable cells are genetically defined, is called optokindling. Research is also underway concerning the application of neurophotonic techniques for suppressing epileptic activity, aiming to bring these methods into clinical practice. This review aims to systematize and describe new approaches that use combinations of different neurophotonic methods to work with in vivo models of epilepsy. These approaches overcome many of the shortcomings associated with classical animal models of epilepsy and thus increase the effectiveness of developing new diagnostic methods and antiepileptic therapy.

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“…Parkinson's disease (PD) [16], epilepsy [17]- [22], and depression [23]. It is a safe and noninvasive approach and has no known side effects, apart from one report of a mild increase in diastolic blood pressure [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Optoanesthesia”: The Application of Transcranial Photobiomodulation to General Anesthesia

Tsai¹

2022

OJAnes

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General anesthesia relies on pharmacological anesthetics. However, some side effects of anesthetics have been observed. Non-pharmacological transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) as an adjuvant treatment may reduce the dosage of pharmacological anesthetics while maintaining anesthetic depth. The inhibitory effects of tPBM in terms of central nervous system depression render it a potential approach for inducing general anesthesia. Alteration of quantum processes of neuronal microtubules, the mechanisms of general anesthesia on consciousness, may occur in response to tPBM treatments. Further, tPBM as an adjuvant treatment may facilitate the distribution of the pharmacological anesthetics in the brain. The analgesic effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) are acknowledged, and PBM has been used for regional analgesia. However, whether tPBM can be used for general anesthesia is unknown. Here, I define "optoanesthesia" as "the use of tPBM for general anesthesia". I hypothesize that optoanesthesia can act as a means of general anesthesia. Supporting evidence in the form of unconsciousness, amnesia, and immobilization is provided in this paper. In addition, the tPBM-induced frequent yawning (a manifestation of transient arousal-shift during the continuing loss of consciousness during induction of general anesthesia) observed incidentally in my previous study of tPBM preconditioning for seizures also supports the hypothesis. I further discuss the issues with respect to the pharmacokinetics, parameters of optoanesthesia such as wavelength and targeted brain regions, and apparatus design, as well as the compatibility of the optoanesthesia and the Bispectral Index Monitoring System during surgery. Future research is needed to prove this hypothesis.

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Mitochondrial Photobiomodulation as a Neurotherapeutic Strategy for Epilepsy

Cited by 11 publications

References 71 publications

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

Neuromodulation of brain power topography and network topology by prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation

Neurophotonic methods in approach to in vivo animal epileptic models: Advantages and limitations

“Optoanesthesia”: The Application of Transcranial Photobiomodulation to General Anesthesia

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