Mitochondrial regulation during male germ cell development

Wang, Xiaoli; Yin, Lisha; Wen, Yujiao; Yuan, Shuiqiao

doi:10.1007/s00018-022-04134-3

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…In conclusion, we have demonstrated that germ cell mitochondria undergo extensive transformations during spermatogenesis, which are designed in part to incorporate them into the lumen of the acrosome. The mitochondrial transformations and their involvement in acrosome biogenesis have to be seen in the context of other functions mitochondria may have during spermatogenesis, as recently described in a comprehensive review article ( Wang et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensed Mitochondria Assemble Into the Acrosomal Matrix During Spermiogenesis

Ren¹,

Xu²,

Phoon³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Mammalian spermatogenesis is associated with the transient appearance of condensed mitochondria, a singularity of germ cells with unknown function. Using proteomic analysis, respirometry, and electron microscopy with tomography, we studied the development of condensed mitochondria. Condensed mitochondria arose from orthodox mitochondria during meiosis by progressive contraction of the matrix space, which was accompanied by an initial expansion and a subsequent reduction of the surface area of the inner membrane. Compared to orthodox mitochondria, condensed mitochondria respired more actively, had a higher concentration of respiratory enzymes and supercomplexes, and contained more proteins involved in protein import and expression. After the completion of meiosis, the abundance of condensed mitochondria declined, which coincided with the onset of the biogenesis of acrosomes. Immuno-electron microscopy and the analysis of sub-cellular fractions suggested that condensed mitochondria or their fragments were translocated into the lumen of the acrosome. Thus, it seems condensed mitochondria are formed from orthodox mitochondria by extensive transformations in order to support the formation of the acrosomal matrix.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Condensed Mitochondria Assemble Into the Acrosomal Matrix During Spermiogenesis

Ren¹,

Xu²,

Phoon³

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Altogether, these data confirm a crucial role of PARL in the maintenance of the respiratory chain, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and CoQ biosynthesis 10 . We believe that this severe respiratory chain defect represents the driving mechanism of the observed meiotic arrest, by making primary spermatocytes unable to accommodate the sudden bioenergetic shift, from glycolytic to oxidative, required during the first meiotic division to cope with the increased energy demand 59 . This hypothesis is consistent with reported spermatogenesis defects in other mouse models characterized by different types of mitochondrial insults, including defective mitochondrial DNA 60,61 , adenylates transport 62 , cardiolipin biosynthesis 63 , mitochondrial dynamics 64,65 , and mitochondrial proteolysis 66,67 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial defects leading to arrested spermatogenesis and ferroptosis in a mouse model of Leigh Syndrome

Radælli

Assenmacher

Banerjee

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility are common manifestations of mitochondrial diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here we show that mice deficient for PARL, the mitochondrial rhomboid protease, a recently reported model of Leigh syndrome, develop postpubertal testicular atrophy caused by arrested spermatogenesis and germ cell death independently of neurodegeneration. Genetic modifications of PINK1, PGAM5, and TTC19, three major substrates of PARL with important roles in mitochondrial homeostasis, do not reproduce or modify this phenotype. PARL deficiency in testis mitochondria leads to severe mitochondrial electron transfer chain defects, alterations in Coenzyme Q biosynthesis and redox status, and abrogates GPX4 expression specifically in spermatocytes leading to massive ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death modality characterized by uncontrolled lipid peroxidation. Thus, mitochondrial defects can initiate ferroptosis in vivo in specific cell types by simultaneous effects on GPX4 and Coenzyme Q. These results highlight the importance of ferroptosis and cell-type specific downstream responses to mitochondrial deficits with respect to specific manifestations of mitochondrial diseases.

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“…86 Mammalian germ cells will go through a special methylation reprogramming process that simultaneously creates a space for TE expression. 87 It is well known that typically methylated TEs undergo methylation removal and re-establishment in prenatal mouse embryos during zygote formation and the development of primordial germ cells. 88 Between 13 dpc and 3 dpp, remethylation occurs in two different waves.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Transposable Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functions and mechanism of noncoding RNA in regulation and differentiation of male mammalian reproduction

Karoii

Azizi

2023

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are active regulators of a wide range of biological and physiological processes, including the majority of mammalian reproductive events. Knowledge of the biological activities of ncRNAs in the context of mammalian reproduction will allow for a more comprehensive and comparative understanding of male sterility and fertility. In this review, we describe recent advances in ncRNA‐mediated control of mammalian reproduction and emphasize the importance of ncRNAs in several aspects of mammalian reproduction, such as germ cell biogenesis and reproductive organ activity. Furthermore, we focus on gene expression regulatory feedback loops including hormones and ncRNA expression to better understand germ cell commitment and reproductive organ function. Finally, this study shows the role of ncRNAs in male reproductive failure and provides suggestions for further research.

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Mitochondrial regulation during male germ cell development

Cited by 26 publications

References 184 publications

Condensed Mitochondria Assemble Into the Acrosomal Matrix During Spermiogenesis

Condensed Mitochondria Assemble Into the Acrosomal Matrix During Spermiogenesis

Mitochondrial defects leading to arrested spermatogenesis and ferroptosis in a mouse model of Leigh Syndrome

Functions and mechanism of noncoding RNA in regulation and differentiation of male mammalian reproduction

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