Mitogen-activated protein kinase OsMPK6 negatively regulates rice disease resistance to bacterial pathogens

Yuan, Bin; Shen, Xiangling; Li, Xianghua; Xu, Caiguo; Wang, Shiping

doi:10.1007/s00425-007-0541-z

Cited by 99 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…To construct an RNAi vector for GS3, a 790-bp fragment of GS3 was digested with BamHI and KpnI from the above-mentioned fl-cDNA clone and inserted into the pDS1301 vector, which was a modified version of pCAMBIA1301 (35).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

Mao¹,

Sun²,

Yao

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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621

511

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Grain yield in many cereal crops is largely determined by grain size. Here we report the genetic and molecular characterization of GS3, a major quantitative trait locus for grain size. It functions as a negative regulator of grain size and organ size. The wild-type isoform is composed of four putative domains: a plant-specific organ size regulation (OSR) domain in the N terminus, a transmembrane domain, a tumor necrosis factor receptor/nerve growth factor receptor (TNFR/NGFR) family cysteine-rich domain, and a von Willebrand factor type C (VWFC) in the C terminus. These domains function differentially in grain size regulation. The OSR domain is both necessary and sufficient for functioning as a negative regulator. The wild-type allele corresponds to medium grain. Loss of function of OSR results in long grain. The C-terminal TNFR/NGFR and VWFC domains show an inhibitory effect on the OSR function; loss-offunction mutations of these domains produced very short grain. This study linked the functional domains of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice.grain weight | Oryza sativa L. | protein domain | yield I n recent years, genes for grain and fruit sizes have been isolated from several plant species (1-8), providing opportunities for understanding genetic and molecular mechanisms regulating these traits. In rice, yield per plant is determined by three component traits: number of panicles (tillers) per plant, number of grains per panicle, and grain weight. Extensive genome mapping studies have identified hundreds of QTLs (quantitative trait loci) for yield traits (9). Although a number of QTLs for tillering (10), grain number (11, 12), grain size (8, 13-15), and panicle size and plant architecture (16-18) have been cloned, molecular characterization of these and many more genes is needed to understand the genetic and molecular bases of yield (9).A major QTL for grain size (GS3) in rice was previously identified on chromosome 3 in a number of studies across different genetic backgrounds and environments (19)(20)(21). Fan et al. (8) identified the candidate gene for GS3. By comparative sequencing analysis, they found a nonsense mutation in the second exon of the putative GS3 shared among all of the large-grain varieties tested in comparison with varieties with smaller grains. This mutation caused a 178-aa truncation in the C terminus of the predicted protein, which was widespread in the global rice germplasm collections (22, 23), indicating that this mutation had an ancient origin and played an important role in grain size variation and domestication of the cultivated rice.Here we report the genetic and molecular analysis of GS3, which revealed several important structural and functional features of the GS3 protein in grain size regulation. ResultsValidation of GS3 on Grain Size Regulation. We validated the effect of GS3 on grain size by transformation. A construct CT9.8 (Fig. S1A), containing a 9.8-kb genomic DNA fragment encompassing GS3 amplified by PCR from rice cultivar Chuan 7 (short grain)...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

Mao¹,

Sun²,

Yao

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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621

511

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“…Rice leaves were immersed in 1 mg mL 21 DAB for 10 h at room temperature. Dead cells of rice leaves were stained by using lactophenol-Trypan Blue solution according to the protocol reported (Yuan et al, 2007). The dsOW62/76 of T2 progeny and ZH17 plants were grown for 3 weeks in the conditions described above and used for staining.…”

Section: Histochemical Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative splicing of rice WRKY62 and WRKY76 transcription factor genes in pathogen defense

et al. 2016

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The WRKY family of transcription factors (TFs) functions as transcriptional activators or repressors in various signaling pathways. In this study, we discovered that OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76, two genes of the WRKY IIa subfamily, undergo constitutive and inducible alternative splicing. The full-length OsWRKY62.1 and OsWRKY76.1 proteins formed homocomplexes and heterocomplexes, and the heterocomplex dominates in the nuclei when analyzed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Transgenic overexpression of OsWRKY62.1 and OsWRKY76.1 in rice (Oryza sativa) enhanced plant susceptibility to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and the leaf blight bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae, whereas RNA interference and loss-offunction knockout plants exhibited elevated resistance. The dsOW62/76 and knockout lines of OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 also showed greatly increased expression of defense-related genes and the accumulation of phytoalexins. The ratio of full-length versus truncated transcripts changed in dsOW62/76 plants as well as in response to pathogen infection. The short alternative OsWRKY62.2 and OsWRKY76.2 isoforms could interact with each other and with full-length proteins. OsWRKY62.2 showed a reduced repressor activity in planta, and two sequence determinants required for the repressor activity were identified in the amino terminus of OsWRKY62.1. The amino termini of OsWRKY62 and OsWRKY76 splice variants also showed reduced binding to the canonical W box motif. These results not only enhance our understanding of the DNA-binding property, the repressor sequence motifs, and the negative feedback regulation of the IIa subfamily of WRKYs but also provide evidence for alternative splicing of WRKY TFs during the plant defense response.

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“…The PCR product was cloned into the SpeI-SacI and KpnI-BamHI sites of vector pDS1301 (Yuan et al, 2007) in an inverted repeat orientation. This construct was introduced into Agrobacterium EHA105 and transformed into the japonica cultivar Zhonghua11by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (Wu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Generation Of Rpa1c Rnai Transgenic Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication Protein A2c Coupled with Replication Protein A1c Regulates Crossover Formation during Meiosis in Rice

Chang

Xin

et al. 2013

The Plant Cell

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Replication protein A (RPA) is a conserved heterotrimeric protein complex comprising RPA1, RPA2, and RPA3 subunits involved in multiple DNA metabolism pathways attributable to its single-stranded DNA binding property. Unlike other species possessing a single RPA2 gene, rice (Oryza sativa) possesses three RPA2 paralogs, but their functions remain unclear. In this study, we identified RPA2c, a rice gene preferentially expressed during meiosis. A T-DNA insertional mutant (rpa2c) exhibited reduced bivalent formation, leading to chromosome nondisjunction. In rpa2c, chiasma frequency is reduced by ;78% compared with the wild type and is accompanied by loss of the obligate chiasma. The residual ;22% chiasmata fit a Poisson distribution, suggesting loss of crossover control. RPA2c colocalized with the meiotic cohesion subunit REC8 and the axis-associated protein PAIR2. Localization of REC8 was necessary for loading of RPA2c to the chromosomes. In addition, RPA2c partially colocalized with MER3 during late leptotene, thus indicating that RPA2c is required for class I crossover formation at a late stage of homologous recombination. Furthermore, we identified RPA1c, an RPA1 subunit with nearly overlapping distribution to RPA2c, required for ;79% of chiasmata formation. Our results demonstrate that an RPA complex comprising RPA2c and RPA1c is required to promote meiotic crossovers in rice.

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase OsMPK6 negatively regulates rice disease resistance to bacterial pathogens

Cited by 99 publications

References 47 publications

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

Linking differential domain functions of the GS3 protein to natural variation of grain size in rice

Alternative splicing of rice WRKY62 and WRKY76 transcription factor genes in pathogen defense

Replication Protein A2c Coupled with Replication Protein A1c Regulates Crossover Formation during Meiosis in Rice

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