Mitogen‐induced responses in lymphocytes from platypus, the Tasmanian devil and the eastern barred bandicoot

Stewart, Niall; Bettiol, SS; Kreiss, Alexandre; Fox, Nolan; Woods, Gregory M.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2008.00349.x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Despite the apparent absence of the Ig-like domain in the platypus Ig- α protein, the platypus Ig- α TAM appears to be functional. Immunological studies in the platypus have demonstrated mitogen induced B-cell proliferation [89], as well as B-cell intracellular signaling activation [90, 91], both of which require Ig- α /Ig- β heterodimers with functional ITAMs [92, 93]. The remainder of the amino acids in the Ig- α TAM region are exactly the same across all species tested in the mammalian class (YEGLNLDDCSMYEDI) [6].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mouse B cell-specific mb-1 gene encodes an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) protein that may be evolutionarily conserved in diverse species by purifying selection

2011

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The B-lymphocyte accessory molecule Ig-alpha (Ig-α) is encoded by the mouse B cell-specific gene (mb-1), and along with the Ig-beta (Ig-β) molecule and a membrane bound immunoglobulin (mIg) makes up the B-cell receptor (BCR). Ig-α and Ig-β form a heterodimer structure that upon antigen binding and receptor clustering primarily initiates and controls BCR intracellular signaling via a phosphorylation cascade, ultimately triggering an effector response. The signaling capacity of Ig-α is contained within its immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM), which is also a key component for intracellular signaling initiation in other immune cell-specific receptors. Although numerous studies have been devoted to the mb-1 gene product, Ig-α, and its signaling mechanism, an evolutionary analysis of the mb-1 gene has been lacking until now. In this study, mb-1 coding sequences from 19 species were compared using Bayesian inference. Analysis revealed a gene phylogeny consistent with an expected species divergence pattern, clustering species from the primate order separate from lower mammals and other species. In addition, an overall comparison of non-synonymous and synonymous nucleotide mutational changes suggests that the mb-1 gene has undergone purifying selection throughout its evolution.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mouse B cell-specific mb-1 gene encodes an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) protein that may be evolutionarily conserved in diverse species by purifying selection

2011

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“…Culture conditions yielding the best viability were selected for the mitogen stimulation assay. Cells were stimulated with phytohemaglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA-M; 10, 25 or 50 µg/ml; Sigma), based on concentrations reported for other species [ 3 , 9 , 25 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations in the isolation and stimulation of splenic mononuclear cells in a dasyurid marsupial, Phascogale calura

2018

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ObjectiveMarsupials suffer from an increasing number of stressors in this changing world. Functional studies are thus needed to broaden our understanding of the marsupial immune system. The red-tailed phascogale (Phascogale calura) is a small Australian marsupial previously used in descriptive immunological studies. Here, we aimed to develop functional assays by isolating and stimulating blood and spleen mononuclear cells in vitro.ResultsWhile peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were relatively easy to isolate, only 105 mononuclear cells (> 90% purity and > 75% viability) could be recovered from the spleen, independently of the sex and age of the animal or the centrifugation time and speed tested. The pores of the mesh sieve used for tissue homogenization might have been too big to yield a single cell suspension. Nevertheless, in spite of the overall low number of cells recovered, PBMC and splenic mononuclear cells were successfully activated in preliminary trials with phytohemaglutinin. This activation state was evidenced by a change in shape and the presence of small cell aggregations in the mitogen-stimulated cultures. A non-radioactive colorimetric assay was also performed to confirm cell proliferation in these wells. This work highlights the importance of developing and reporting detailed methodological protocols in non-traditional research species.

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“…21 Results of T-cell proliferation assays revealed that devils have a relatively robust mitogen-induced response. 31,72 Of particular note was the finding that devils affected with DFTD had similar mitogen-induced responses as their disease-free counterparts, suggesting that immune suppression, at least at the level of lymphocyte proliferation, does not explain susceptibility to DFTD.…”

Section: Cell-mediated Immune Response Of the Tasmanian Devilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devil Facial Tumor Disease

2015

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Devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is an emergent transmissible cancer exclusive to Tasmanian devils (Sarcophilus harrisii) and threatening the species with extinction in the wild. Research on DFTD began 10 years ago, when nothing was known about the tumor and little about the devils. The depth of knowledge gained since then is impressive, with research having addressed significant aspects of the disease and the devils' responses to it. These include the cause and pathogenesis of DFTD, the immune response of the devils and the immune evasion mechanisms of the tumor, the transmission patterns of DFTD, and the impacts of DFTD on the ecosystem. This review aims to collate this information and put it into the context of conservation strategies designed to mitigate the impacts of DFTD on the devil and the Tasmanian ecosystem.

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Mitogen‐induced responses in lymphocytes from platypus, the Tasmanian devil and the eastern barred bandicoot

Abstract: For the first time, we report the normal cellular response of the platypus, the Tasmanian devil and the eastern barred bandicoot to a range of commonly used mitogens.

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

The mouse B cell-specific mb-1 gene encodes an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) protein that may be evolutionarily conserved in diverse species by purifying selection

The mouse B cell-specific mb-1 gene encodes an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) protein that may be evolutionarily conserved in diverse species by purifying selection

Limitations in the isolation and stimulation of splenic mononuclear cells in a dasyurid marsupial, Phascogale calura

Devil Facial Tumor Disease

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