Mitogenomic analysis of Chinese snub-nosed monkeys: Evidence of positive selection in NADH dehydrogenase genes in high-altitude adaptation

Yu, Li; Wang, Xiaoping; Ting, Nelson; Zhang, Yaping

doi:10.1016/j.mito.2011.01.004

Cited by 115 publications

(94 citation statements)

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“…It has been proposed that the tectonic migration of the Hengduan Mountains, located in southwest China and northern Myanmar, and 14 concomitant environmental perturbations associated with periods of glacial expansion and glacial retreat during the last 1.9-2.8 mya (million years ago) are likely to have 16 led to population isolation events in snub-nosed monkeys (Pan and Jablonski 1987;Liedigk et al 2012). However, the genetic implications of population isolation and the 18 genomic basis of adaptations of black snub-nosed monkeys to high altitude environments have not been determined (Yu et al 2011). 20…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genomics Reveals Low Genetic Diversity and Adaptation to Hypoxia in Snub-Nosed Monkeys

et al. 2016

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Snub-nosed monkeys (genus Rhinopithecus) are a group of endangered colobines 2 endemic to South Asia. Here, we re-sequenced the whole genomes of 38 snub-nosed monkeys representing four species within this genus. By conducting population 4 genomic analyses, we observed an similar load of deleterious variation in snub-nosed monkeys living in both smaller and larger populations and found that genomic 6 diversity was lower than that reported in other primates. Reconstruction of Rhinopithecus evolutionary history suggested that episodes of climatic variation over 8 the past 2 million years, associated with glacial advances and retreats and population isolation, have shaped snub-nosed monkey demography and evolution. We further 10 identified several hypoxia-related genes under selection in R. bieti (black snub-nosed monkey), a species that exploits habitats higher than any other nonhuman primate. 12These results provide the first detailed and comprehensive genomic insights into genetic diversity, demography, genetic burden and adaptation in this radiation of 14 endangered primates. 16

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population Genomics Reveals Low Genetic Diversity and Adaptation to Hypoxia in Snub-Nosed Monkeys

et al. 2016

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“…The NADH dehydrogenase complex has been highlighted as a genetic player in the adaption to high altitude in previous studies. [33][34][35][36] NADH6 was found to be under positive selection in highaltitude-living Tibetan horses. 34,35 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) enzymes constitute complex I in the electron transport chain.…”

Section: Ndufv2mentioning

confidence: 98%

Myosin Heavy Chain 15 is Associated with Bovine Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

Neary

Lund

et al. 2014

Pulm. circ.

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Bovine pulmonary hypertension, brisket disease, causes significant morbidity and mortality at elevations above 2,000 m. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) is moderately heritable, with inheritance estimated to lie within a few major genes. Invasive mPAP measurement is currently the only tool available to identify cattle at risk of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. A genetic test could allow selection of cattle suitable for high altitude without the need for invasive testing. In this study we evaluated three candidate genes (myosin heavy chain 15 [MYH15], NADH dehydrogenase flavoprotein 2, and FK binding protein 1A) for association with mPAP in 166 yearling Angus bulls grazing at 2,182 m. The T allele (rs29016420) of MYH15 was linked to lower mPAP in a dominant manner (CC 47.2 AE 1.6 mmHg [mean AE standard error of the mean]; CT/TT 42.8 AE 0.7 mmHg; P ¼ 0.02). The proportions of cattle with MYH15 CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 55%, 41%, and 4%, respectively. Given the high frequency of the deleterious allele, it is likely that the relative contribution of MYH15 polymorphisms to pulmonary hypertension is small, supporting previous predictions that the disease is polygenic. We evaluated allelic frequency of MYH15 in the Himalayan yak (Bos grunniens), a closely related species adapted to high altitude, and found 100% prevalence of T allele homozygosity. In summary, we identified a polymorphism in MYH15 significantly associated with mPAP. This finding may aid selection of cattle suitable for high altitude and contribute to understanding human hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.

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“…Attention of the earlier studies investigating the molecular evolutionary mechanism of adaptation to high altitude environment have been largely concentrated on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is the "energy factories" of animal cells and pivotal in oxygen consumption and energy metabolism [49]. Mt cytochrome c oxidase, NADH dehydrogenase and cytochrome b genes have been indicated in mammalian highland adaptation [4,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Recently, growing investigations have been performed from the perspective of nuclear genes, e.g.…”

Section: Leptin Evolution and High-altitude Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the change of genes) has been one of the essential subjects in the study of life sciences. Accordingly, the mechanism underlying how organisms adapt to different living environments at molecular level has fascinated evolutionary biologists [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

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confidence: 99%

Natural selection and adaptive evolution of leptin

Guo

Zhang

2013

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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Leptin is an adiposity-secreted hormone that is pivotal in regulating feeding behavior, energy metabolism and body mass. The study of leptin has been of crucial importance for public health and pharmaceutical intervention given its role in obesity. Generally, leptin is highly conserved due to its functional importance. However, episodes of rapid sequence evolution and positive selection have been observed in some mammalian species, indicating that the leptin functions in these animals may have undergone adaptive modification to their environments. In this article, we review the adaptive evolution of leptin and its potential functional consequences. This review is expected to guide future research of molecular evolution and functional assays of this gene, and also to provide a theoretical foundation for the use of leptin in therapeutic applications. natural selection, adaptive evolution, leptin, leptin receptor Citation:Zou G, Zhang Y P, Yu L. Natural selection and adaptive evolution of leptin. Chin Sci Bull, 2013Bull, , 58: 21042112, doi: 10.1007 The relationship between the adaptations of an organism to different ecological niches with genetic changes (e.g. the change of genes) has been one of the essential subjects in the study of life sciences. Accordingly, the mechanism underlying how organisms adapt to different living environments at molecular level has fascinated evolutionary biologists [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Metabolism is a series of biochemical reactions, allowing organisms to exchange materials and energy with the environment. These processes control growth, reproduction and behavior of organisms. Although the mechanisms of increased energy utilization are likely to be complex, one important component involves the activation of adipose tissue [10].Leptin, encoded by the obese gene, is a hormone that mainly secreted by adipose tissue. It is important in regulating feeding behavior, energy metabolism and body mass [11][12][13][14][15][16]. The level of plasma leptin is generally regarded as a signal to direct the central nervous system (CNS) to regulate food intake and energy expenditure, which is an important pathway of metabolism to maintain constancy of the adipose mass [12,14,17,18]. The mutation of ob gene results in a myriad of disturbance of metabolism [12,19]. Mice that are homozygous (ob/ob mouse) for mutations in this gene exhibit a profound obesity resulting from defects in energy expenditure, food intake and nutrient partitioning [12,20,21]. In humans, mutation of this gene results in a profound obesity and type II diabetes [12,[20][21][22][23]. Therefore, due to its critical role in obesity, the study of leptin will shed insight into molecular mechanism of energy homeostasis, future pharmaceutical intervention and public health [9,10,24].The leptin gene, spanning over 4.5-kb, consists of three exons and two introns [9,25]. The coding exons (exons 2 and 3) are 501 bp in length in total. Leptin contains an amino-terminal signal peptide (21 residues) and a mature peptide (146 residues),...

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Mitogenomic analysis of Chinese snub-nosed monkeys: Evidence of positive selection in NADH dehydrogenase genes in high-altitude adaptation

Cited by 115 publications

References 54 publications

Population Genomics Reveals Low Genetic Diversity and Adaptation to Hypoxia in Snub-Nosed Monkeys

Population Genomics Reveals Low Genetic Diversity and Adaptation to Hypoxia in Snub-Nosed Monkeys

Myosin Heavy Chain 15 is Associated with Bovine Pulmonary Arterial Pressure

Natural selection and adaptive evolution of leptin

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