Mitral Valve and Tricuspid Valve Blood Flow: Accurate Quantification with 3D Velocity-encoded MR Imaging with Retrospective Valve Tracking

Westenberg, Jos J.M.; Roes, Stijntje D.; Marsan, Nina Ajmone; Binnendijk, Nico M. J.; Doornbos, Joost; Bax, Jeroen J.; Reiber, Johan H. C.; Roos, Albert de; Geest, R.J. van der

doi:10.1148/radiol.2492080146

Cited by 170 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking has been validated and compared with 2D one-directional VE MRI for assessment of flow volumes across the mitral valve by Westenberg et al (7). Their study, performed in 20 patients with ischemic heart disease, demonstrated that using 2D one-directional VE MRI resulted in approximately 15% overestimation in net forward flow volume across the mitral valve as compared to 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reconstructed to 1.4 Â 1.4 mm; one signal acquired; retrospective gating with 10%-acceptance window, with 30 phases reconstructed during one average cardiac cycle (the effective temporal resolution of the flow graph is defined by the heart beat interval and the number of reconstructed phases: for a heartbeat of 60 beats/min: 33 ms; the true temporal resolution is defined by the TR and the number of velocity encoding acquisition plus one velocity compensated acquisition: 30 ms (4 Â TR [7.5 ms]); 150 cm/s maximal velocity encoding in all three directions; free-breathing was allowed. Echo planar imaging with a factor of five was used to reduce scan time (7).…”

Section: Mr Imaging Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Left ventricular diastolic function assessment from three‐dimensional three‐directional velocity‐encoded MRI with retrospective valve tracking

Brandts

Bertini

Dijk

et al. 2011

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To compare parameters describing left ventricular (LV) diastolic function obtained with three-dimensional (3D) three-directional velocity-encoded (VE) MRI with retrospective valve tracking and two-dimensional (2D) one-directional VE MRI in patients with ischemic heart failure. Second, to compare classification of LV diastolic function, and in particular for discriminating restrictive filling patterns, with both MRI techniques versus Doppler echocardiography. Materials and Methods:The 3D and 2D VE MRI early (E) and atrial (A) peak flow rate indices, determined from transmitral waveform analyses, were compared. Also, net forward flow volume per cycle and transmitral regurgitation fraction were determined. Agreement in classifying diastolic filling patterns between 3D and 2D VE MRI versus Doppler echocardiography was evaluated using kappa statistics.Results: The 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking was statistically significantly different from 2D one-directional VE MRI for net forward flow volume and regurgitation fraction through the mitral valve and all parameters describing the diastolic waveform filling pattern, except for the E deceleration time and E/A filling ratio. Kappa-agreement between 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking and echocardiography for classifying diastolic filling patterns was superior to 2D one-directional VE MRI and echocardiography (i.e., k ¼ 0.91 versus k ¼ 0.79, respectively). Conclusion:The 3D three-directional VE MRI with retrospective valve tracking better describes LV diastolic function as compared to 2D one-directional VE MRI in patients with ischemic heart failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mr Imaging Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Left ventricular diastolic function assessment from three‐dimensional three‐directional velocity‐encoded MRI with retrospective valve tracking

Brandts

Bertini

Dijk

et al. 2011

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Furthermore, recent findings from transmitral flow measurements indicate an improved accuracy of intracardiac flow-measurements using three-dimensional VENC-CMR sequences [27]. The use of a conventional two-dimensional VENC-CMR sequence constitutes a potential limitation of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Velocity encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess left atrial appendage emptying

Muellerleile

Sultan

Groth

et al. 2012

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance

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BackgroundThe presence of impaired left atrial appendage (LAA) function identifies patients who are prone to thrombus formation in the LAA and therefore being at high risk for subsequent cardioembolic stroke. LAA function is typically assessed by measurements of LAA emptying velocities using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in clinical routine. This study aimed at evaluating the feasibility of assessing LAA emptying by velocity encoded (VENC) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).MethodsThis study included 30 patients with sinus rhythm (n = 18) or atrial fibrillation (n = 12). VENC-CMR velocity measurements were performed perpendicular to the orifice of the LAA. Peak velocities were measured of passive diastolic LAA emptying (e-wave) in all patients. Peak velocities of active, late-diastolic LAA emptying (a-wave) were assessed in patients with sinus rhythm. Correlation and agreement was analyzed between VENC-CMR and TEE measurements of e- and a-wave peak velocities.ResultsA significant correlation and good agreement was found between VENC-CMR and TEE measurements of maximal e-wave velocities (r = 0.61, P < 0.001; mean difference 0 ± 10 cm/s). The a-wave was detectable by VENC-CMR in all patients with sinus rhythm. Correlation was also significant for measurements of peak a-wave velocities between VENC-CMR and TEE (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). There was no significant correlation of LAA emptying velocities with clinical characteristics and only a modest negative correlation of passive LAA emptying with LA function.ConclusionsThe assessment of active and passive LAA emptying by VENC-CMR is feasible. Further evaluation is required of potential future clinical applications such as risk stratification for cardioembolic stroke.

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“…When accurate volume flow assessment is the predominant aim, direct integration of the velocities in a 2D slice, through the 3D data is preferred(19). If retrospective valve tracking is used in this approach, volume flow can even be obtained through all four heart valves simultaneously (31,32).…”

Section: Flow Visualization and Quantification Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Imaging: Cardiac Applications of 3D Cine Phase-Contrast MRI

Ebbers

2011

Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep

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Global and regional blood flow dynamics are of pivotal importance to cardiac function. Fluid mechanical forces can affect hemolysis and platelet aggregation, as well as myocardial remodeling. In recent years, assessment of blood flow patterns based on time-resolved, three-dimensional, three-directional phasecontrast magnetic resonance imaging (3D cine PC MRI)(1) has become possible and rapidly gained popularity. Initially, this technique was mainly known for its intuitive and appealing visualizations of the cardiovascular blood flow. Most recently, the technique has begun to go beyond compelling images towards comprehensive and quantitative assessment of blood flow. In this article, cardiac applications of 3D cine PC MRI data are discussed, starting with a review of the acquisition and analysis techniques, and including descriptions of promising applications of cardiac 3D cine PC MRI for the clinical evaluation of myocardial, valvular and vascular disorders.3

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Mitral Valve and Tricuspid Valve Blood Flow: Accurate Quantification with 3D Velocity-encoded MR Imaging with Retrospective Valve Tracking

Abstract: Use of 3D three-directional VE MR imaging enables accurate MV and TV flow quantification, even in patients with valve regurgitation.

Cited by 170 publications

References 37 publications

Left ventricular diastolic function assessment from three‐dimensional three‐directional velocity‐encoded MRI with retrospective valve tracking

Left ventricular diastolic function assessment from three‐dimensional three‐directional velocity‐encoded MRI with retrospective valve tracking

Velocity encoded cardiovascular magnetic resonance to assess left atrial appendage emptying

Flow Imaging: Cardiac Applications of 3D Cine Phase-Contrast MRI

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