Mixed Carbon Nanomaterial/Epoxy Resin for Electrically Conductive Adhesives

Abstract

The increasing complexity of printed circuit boards (PCBs) due to miniaturization, increased the density of electronic components, and demanding thermal management during the assembly triggered the research of innovative solder pastes and electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs). Current commercial ECAs are typically based on epoxy matrices with a high load (>60%) of silver particles, generally in the form of microflakes. The present work reports the production of ECAs based on epoxy/carbon nanomaterials using carbon nanotubes (single and multi-walled) and exfoliated graphite, as well as hybrid compositions, within a range of concentrations. The composites were tested for morphology (dispersion of the conductive nanomaterials), electrical and thermal conductivity, rheological characteristics and deposition on a test PCB. Finally, the ECA’s shelf life was assessed by mixing all the components and conductive nanomaterials, and evaluating the cure of the resin before and after freezing for a time range up to nine months. The ECAs produced could be stored at −18 °C without affecting the cure reaction.

Phenol-Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties

“…While the conductivity will be provided using conductive fillers such as Ag, Ni, graphite, graphene, CNTs etc. [11][12][13]. Various conductive fillers have been studied including zinc complexes [14,15], metal oxide [16] cadmium [17], cobalt nanoparticles [18], and so on.…”

“…Suherman et al, has reported 28 Scm - 1 Suherman based upon 80% graphite with epoxy [19]. The research group of Duarte and Paulo [12] have studied epoxy resin composites consist of single & multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT & MWCNT) calculated volume resistivity of about 1×10 1 and 1×10 6 Ω.cm for SWCNT & MWCNT. In another work Dhakate et al [20] have deliberated graphite (natural and synthetic) as the conductive material with epoxy resin for bipolar plates with the highest conductivity of about 150 Scm -1 .…”

Phenol–Furfural Resin/Graphite/Ag-Based Electrically Conductive Adhesive Composites from Waste Bagasse with Enhanced Thermo-Electric Properties

“…[ 14 ], while the conductivity will be provided using conductive fillers such as Ag, Ni, graphite, graphene, CNTs, etc. [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Various conductive fillers have been studied, including zinc complexes [ 18 , 19 ], metal oxide [ 20 ], cadmium [ 21 ], cobalt nanoparticles [ 22 ], etc.…”

“…Suherman et al reported a conductivity of about 28 Scm −1 through using about 80% of graphite along with epoxy resin, resulting in improved mechanical and electrical performances of epoxy–graphite composites [ 23 ]. The research group of Duarte and Paulo [ 16 ] studied epoxy resin composites consisting of single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) and calculated a volume resistivity of about 1 × 10 1 and 1 × 10 6 Ωcm for SWCNTs and MWCNTs. In another work, Dhakate et al [ 24 ] used graphite (natural and synthetic) as the conductive material with epoxy resin for bipolar plates, with the highest conductivity at about 150 Scm −1 .…”

Tuneable chemistry at the interface and self-healing towards improving structural properties of carbon fiber laminates: a critical review

“…The increase in roughness increases interfacial area, thereby increasing interfacial strength. The other method of increasing interfacial strength is introducing surface functional groups that increase the affinity of epoxy matrix with CF through polar interactions [7][8][9][10][11][12] . Several researchers have worked on analysing the failure of fiber based polymeric composites in terms of interfacial micromechanical approach [13][14][15][16] and spectroscopic characterisation of interfaces.…”