Mixed Micellar Solubilization of Naphthol Green B Followed by Its Removal from Synthetic Effluent by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration under Optimized Conditions

Abstract

In this manuscript, the application of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) for the removal of Naphthol Green B (NGB) as a synthetic effluent has been studied. The solubilization of NGB by a single and mixed micellar system using Triton X-100 (TX-100) as a nonionic surfactant has been performed to establish both the extent of the partitioning (kx) of NGB and ultimately their respective Gibbs free energies ΔGp as well. An applied methodology, micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF), has also been studied in different micellar media of cationic surfactants by variation in some selective parameters, such as the concentration of surfactant, electrolyte, pressure, pH, and RPM to obtain optimum conditions. The results have been analyzed by a UV/visible double beam spectrophotometer. ΔGp was found to be −39.65 kJ/mol and −47.94 kJ/mol by CTAB and CPC, respectively, in the presence of a nonionic surfactant. The maximum value of Gibbs free energy (ΔGp) of the partition was obtained by CPC. The values of the rejection coefficient (R%) and permeate flux (J) are also calculated. A maximum removal of 99.77% and 98.53% by CTAB and CPC, respectively, was obtained. It has been observed that both of the surfactants are strong candidates for NGB removal.

Highly Selective Methodology for Entrapment and Subsequent Removal of Cobalt (II) Ions under Optimized Conditions by Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration

“…The effects of enhanced polarization concentration on the surface of the membrane due to the greater concentration of electrolytes consequently drop the value of the permeate flux. The permeate flux also depends on the type of solute and the concentration as well [ 22 , 52 , 55 ].…”

“…A variation in the permeate flux is also a way to find out the efficiency of this process. It was noticed that a decline in the flux decreases with time due to the formation of micellar layers at the membrane [ 22 , 26 ]. The permeate flux is calculated as …”

“…Adsorption is also a useful method due to its efficiency, and the diverse membrane-based techniques exploited for wastewater treatment include reverse osmosis (RO), adsorptive ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), flocculation, coagulation, and microfiltration (MF) [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Conventional ultrafiltration (UF) is magnified in micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) which employs surfactants above CMC.…”

Binary Mixed Micelles of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide–Sodium Deoxycholate and Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide–Sodium Deoxycholate: Thermodynamic Stabilization and Mixed Micelle Solubilization Capacity of Daidzein (Isoflavonoid)

“…The application of micellar systems (monocomponent and multicomponent) in pharmaceutical and food formulations is largely based on the micellar solubilization of poorly soluble (hydrophobic) particles in water. − If poorly soluble particles do not have polar groups or have an insufficient number of polar groups, they are incorporated into the hydrophobic core of the micelle (in contrast, if they have sufficient polar groups, they are located near the polar groups of surfactants with which they build hydrogen, dipole–dipole, and ion–dipole interactions, depending on whether the surfactants are ionic or nonionic). − …”

Removal of Methylene Blue from Water Using Magnetic GTL-Derived Biosolids: Study of Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetic Models

“…For the longest time, the wastewater produced from the dyeing industry was considered the ‘hot spot’ of wastewater treatment research. The common treatment methods included chemical oxidation, membrane treatment, photo-degradation, biological treatment, micellar solubilization, adsorption, and others [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Adsorption, the process by which the substances present in liquids or gases adhere onto the surfaces of solid adsorbents [ 6 ], is generally applied for water purification to remove impurities.…”