Mixed‐mode bacterial transmission in the common brooding coral<i>Pocillopora acuta</i>

Damjanovic, Katarina; Menéndez, Patricia; Blackall, Linda L.; Oppen, Madeleine J. H. van

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.14856

Cited by 38 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…The results from this study have implications for future manipulation of the E. diaphana microbiome and perhaps that of corals. Recent studies have shown that cnidarians can acquire bacteria introduced into their external environment (Damjanovic et al, 2017(Damjanovic et al, , 2019b(Damjanovic et al, , 2020 and, with the addition of probiotic bacteria, may have the ability to mitigate the effects of climate change (Rosado et al, 2018). Future studies should test the ability of E. diaphana to acquire bacteria from their environment with a focus on microbes that have potentially beneficial traits for the holobiont.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These potentially obligate anemone-associated taxa likely contribute to an important anemone feature like health or metabolism. The taxa we identified as stably associated with E. diaphana can be divided into those that are frequently found in cnidarians or their algal symbionts, including Alteromonadaceae (Rothig et al, 2017;Ahmed et al, 2019;Damjanovic et al, 2019a;Epstein et al, 2019b), Labrenzia (Lawson et al, 2017), Fulvivirga (Glasl et al, 2016;Ziegler et al, 2017;Epstein et al, 2019b;Pootakham et al, 2019;Damjanovic et al, 2020) and Sphingobacteriales (Meron et al, 2012;Kellogg et al, 2013;Li et al, 2014;van de Water et al, 2017;Bonthond et al, 2018), and those that occur much more infrequently, including Terasakiellaceae, Coxiella, and Nannocystaceae. Labrenzia is part of the core microbiome of the anemones' Symbiodiniaceae (Lawson et al, 2017) and may have a role in the production of antioxidants such as dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and its breakdown products (Sunda et al, 2002).…”

Section: Potential Key Microbiome Members Of Exaiptasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short-Term Exposure to Sterile Seawater Reduces Bacterial Community Diversity in the Sea Anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana

2021

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The global decline of coral reefs heightens the need to understand how corals may persist under changing environmental conditions. Restructuring of the coral-associated bacterial community, either through natural or assisted strategies, has been suggested as a means of adaptation to climate change. A low complexity microbial system would facilitate testing the efficacy of microbial restructuring strategies. We used the model organism for corals, Exaiptasia diaphana, and determined that short-term (3 weeks) exposure to filter-sterilized seawater conditions alone reduced the complexity of the microbiome. Metabarcoding of the V5–V6 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene revealed that alpha diversity was approximately halved in anemones reared in filter-sterilized seawater compared to controls reared in unfiltered seawater and that the composition (beta diversity) differed significantly between the two. By reducing the complexity of the E. diaphana microbiome, the development of a system for testing assisted strategies such as probiotics, is more feasible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Potential Key Microbiome Members Of Exaiptasiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Exposure to Sterile Seawater Reduces Bacterial Community Diversity in the Sea Anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana

2021

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“…As more studies are being conducted, there are more evidences that do not necessarily support this idea ( Nussbaumer et al, 2006 ; Apprill et al, 2012 ; Leite et al, 2017 ; Björk et al, 2019 ; Oliveira et al, 2020 ). Many broadcast spawners pass their symbionts to their offspring by incorporating them into the mucus that envelops oocyte and sperm bundles ( Ceh et al, 2012 ; Ricardo et al, 2016 ; Leite et al, 2017 ) and a wide spectrum of mixed-mode transmission in brooders and in free and broadcast spawners is revealed ( Sipkema et al, 2015 ; Fieth et al, 2016 ; Bernasconi et al, 2019 ; Damjanovic et al, 2020b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Maternal and Paternal Transmission to Bacterial Colonization in Nematostella vectensis

et al. 2021

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Microbial communities confer multiple beneficial effects to their multicellular hosts. To evaluate the evolutionary and ecological implications of the animal-microbe interactions, it is essential to understand how bacterial colonization is secured and maintained during the transition from one generation to the next. However, the mechanisms of symbiont transmission are poorly studied for many species, especially in marine environments, where the surrounding water constitutes an additional source of microbes. Nematostella vectensis, an estuarine cnidarian, has recently emerged as model organism for studies on host-microbes interactions. Here, we use this model organism to study the transmission of bacterial colonizers, evaluating the contribution of parental and environmental transmission to the establishment of bacterial communities of the offspring. We induced spawning in adult male and female polyps of N. vectensis and used their gametes for five individual fertilization experiments. While embryos developed into primary polyps, we sampled each developmental stage and its corresponding medium samples. By analyzing the microbial community compositions of all samples through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we showed that all host tissues harbor microbiota significantly different from the surrounding medium. Interestingly, oocytes and sperms are associated with distinct bacterial communities, indicating the specific vertical transmission of bacterial colonizers by the gametes. These differences were consistent among all the five families analyzed. By overlapping the identified bacterial ASVs associated with gametes, offspring and parents, we identified specific bacterial ASVs that are well supported candidates for vertical transmission via mothers and fathers. This is the first study investigating bacteria transmission in N. vectensis, and among few on marine spawners that do not brood larvae. Our results shed light on the consistent yet distinct maternal and paternal transfer of bacterial symbionts along the different life stages and generations of an aquatic invertebrate.

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“…A critical characteristic in the selection of probiotic members is the maintenance and proliferation of the inoculated bacteria in the host over time [49] and their potential transmission to the next generation. There is evidence that corals release bacteria with their offspring such as Alteromonas [46], Flavobacteriaceae [46], Rhodobacteraceae [88], and…”

Section: Genes Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a free radical scavenging probiotic to mitigate coral bleaching

Dungan

Bulach²,

Lin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ABSTRACTCorals are colonized by symbiotic microorganisms that exert a profound influence on the animal’s health. One noted symbiont is a single-celled alga (from the family Symbiodiniaceae), which provides the coral with most of its carbon. During thermal stress, the algae’s photosystems are impaired, resulting in a toxic accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause cellular damage to both the host and symbiont. As a protective mechanism the coral host and algal symbiont disassociate; this process is known as bleaching. Our goal was to construct a probiotic comprised of host-associated bacteria able to neutralize free radicals such as ROS. Using the coral model, the anemone Exaiptasia diaphana, and pure bacterial cultures isolated from the model animal, we identified six strains with high free radical scavenging ability belonging to the families Alteromonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Micrococcaceae. In parallel, we established a “negative” probiotic consisting of genetically related strains with poor free radical scavenging capacities. From their whole genome sequences, we explore genes of interest that may contribute to the potential beneficial roles of these putative probiotic members, which may help facilitate the therapeutic application of a bacterial probiotic. Probiotics is one of several interventions currently being developed with the aim of augmenting climate resilience in corals and increasing the likelihood of coral reef persistence into the future.IMPORTANCECoral bleaching is tightly linked to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereby ROS accumulates to a toxic level in host-harboring algae cells leading to coral-algal dysbiosis. Interventions targeting toxic ROS accumulation, such as the application of exogenous antioxidants, have shown promise for maintaining the coral-algal partnership. With the feasibility of administering antioxidants directly to corals low, we have applied bioengineering strategies to develop a probiotic to neutralize toxic ROS during a thermal stress event. This probiotic can then be tested with corals or a coral model to assess its efficacy in improving coral resistance to environmental stress.

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Mixed‐mode bacterial transmission in the common brooding coralPocillopora acuta

Abstract: This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

Cited by 38 publications

References 95 publications

Short-Term Exposure to Sterile Seawater Reduces Bacterial Community Diversity in the Sea Anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana

Short-Term Exposure to Sterile Seawater Reduces Bacterial Community Diversity in the Sea Anemone, Exaiptasia diaphana

Contribution of Maternal and Paternal Transmission to Bacterial Colonization in Nematostella vectensis

Development of a free radical scavenging probiotic to mitigate coral bleaching

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