Mixed Phase Modeling in GlennICE with Application to Engine Icing

Wright, William; Jorgenson, Philip C. E.; Veres, Joseph P.

doi:10.2514/6.2010-7674

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The mass and energy equations developed for the Glenn Phase Change Model [5] were incorporated into the LEWICE3D V3.5 software. The formulation assumes: (1) low particle concentration, such that there is no transfer of mass or energy between the gas and particle phases (2) the mass and energy transfer are in equilibrium and hence the particle surface pressure is at the saturation pressure for the given surface temperature (3) the thermal and kinetic energy do not convert from one to the other (4) the surface of the particle is considered to be liquid until it is fully solidified (5) the gasses are ideal, the thermodynamic properties of the dry and humid gas are equivalent (6) the gas is extremely clean hence only condensation is possible on drops and the gas can become supersaturated (7) the particles are assumed to be spherical with a homogenous temperature…”

Section: Lagrangian Parcel Based Trajectory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of icing computational analysis tools which produce sufficiently accurate results in a reasonable amount of computational time for turbo-machinery flows has been a major challenge [4,5]. The use of unsteady analysis tools to simulate the flow and particle transport in highly time dependent turbo-machinery flows is prohibitively expensive and possibly unnecessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Lagrangian parcel based mixing plane method for calculating water based mixed phase particle flows in turbo-machinery

Bidwell

2015

Comp. Part. Mech.

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A method for calculating particle transport through turbo-machinery using the mixing plane analogy was developed and used to analyze the energy efficient engine (E 3 ). This method allows the prediction of temperature and phase change of water based particles along their path and the impingement efficiency and particle impact property data on various components in the engine. This methodology was incorporated into the LEWICE3D V3.5 software. The method was used to predict particle transport in the low pressure compressor of the E 3 . The E 3 was developed by NASA and GE in the early 1980s as a technology demonstrator and is representative of a modern high bypass turbofan engine. The E 3 flow field was calculated using the NASA Glenn ADPAC turbo-machinery flow solver. Computations were performed for a Mach 0.8 cruise condition at 11,887 m assuming a standard warm day for ice particle sizes of 5, 20 and 100 microns and a free stream particle concentration of 0.3 g/m 3 . The impingement efficiency results showed that as particle size increased average impingement efficiencies and scoop factors increased for the various components. The particle analysis also showed that the amount of mass entering the inner core decreased with increased particle size because the larger particles were less able to negotiate the turn into the inner core due to particle inertia. The particle phase change analysis results showed that the larger particles warmed less as they were transported through the low pressure compressor. Only the smallest 5 micron particles were warmed enough to produce melting with a maximum average melting fraction of 0.18. The results also showed an appreciable amount of particle sublimation and evaporation for the 5 micron particles entering the engine core (22.6 %).

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Section: Lagrangian Parcel Based Trajectory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Lagrangian parcel based mixing plane method for calculating water based mixed phase particle flows in turbo-machinery

Bidwell

2015

Comp. Part. Mech.

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“…Furthermore, the effect of hardness of the ice layer on the erosion rate is taken into account in a similar way as proposed by Wright et al [144]. In this study the strain rate of fracturing hail stones has been related to the applied stress due to impacting crystals.…”

Section: Erosionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The extension to mixed-phase conditions along with the details of the mass and energy balance is discussed in the next section. The approach that has been chosen is similar to the one presented in Villedieu et al [139] and Wright et al [144]. An exploratory study of the present approach has been carried out previously by Bullee [14].…”

Section: Messinger's Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eulerian method for ice crystal icing in turbofan engines

Norde¹

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“…[4][5][6]. The use of unsteady tools to simulate the flow and particle transport in the highly time dependent turbomachinery flows was seen as impractical and as possibly unnecessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ice Particle Transport Analysis with Phase Change for the E3 Turbofan Engine Using LEWICE3D Version 3.2

Bidwell

2012

4th AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference

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Ice Particle trajectory calculations with phase change were made for the Energy Efficient Engine (E 3 ) using the LEWICE3D Version 3.2 software. The particle trajectory computations were performed using the new Glenn Ice Particle Phase Change Model which has been incorporated into the LEWICE3D Version 3.2 software. The E 3 was developed by NASA and GE in the early 1980's as a technology demonstrator and is representative of a modern high bypass turbofan engine. The E 3 flow field was calculated using the NASA Glenn ADPAC turbomachinery flow solver. Computations were performed for the low pressure compressor of the E 3 for a Mach 0.8 cruise condition at 11,887 meters assuming a standard warm day for ice particle sizes of 5, 20 and 100 microns and a free stream particle concentration of 0.3 g/m 3 . The impingement efficiency results showed that as particle size increased average impingement efficiencies and scoop factors increased for the various components. The particle analysis also showed that the amount of mass entering the inner core decreased with increased particle size because the larger particles were less able to negotiate the turn into the inner core due to particle inertia. The particle phase change analysis results showed that the larger particles warmed less as they were transported through the low pressure compressor. Only the smallest 5 micron particles were warmed enough to produce melting and the amount of melting was relatively small with a maximum average melting fraction of 0.836. The results also showed an appreciable amount of particle sublimation and evaporation for the 5 micron particles entering the engine core (22%). Nomenclature A= Area, m 2 D = Ice particle diameter, µm E 3 = Energy Efficient Engine IGV = Inlet Guide Vane LWC = Liquid Water Content, g/m 3 IR = Impingement Rate, g/s T = Ice particle temperature, K SF = Scoop Factor V = Velocity, m/s β = Impingement efficiency

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Mixed Phase Modeling in GlennICE with Application to Engine Icing

Cited by 54 publications

References 8 publications

A Lagrangian parcel based mixing plane method for calculating water based mixed phase particle flows in turbo-machinery

A Lagrangian parcel based mixing plane method for calculating water based mixed phase particle flows in turbo-machinery

Eulerian method for ice crystal icing in turbofan engines

Ice Particle Transport Analysis with Phase Change for the E3 Turbofan Engine Using LEWICE3D Version 3.2

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