Mixing tree species associated with arbuscular or ectotrophic mycorrhizae reveals dual mycorrhization and interactive effects on the fungal partners

Heklau, Heike; Schindler, Nicole; Buscot, François; Eisenhauer, Nico; Ferlian, Olga; Prada-Salcedo, Luis Daniel; Bruelheide, Helge

doi:10.1002/ece3.7437

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…This is in contrast with earlier work in grassland [10] and on fungal communities in the BEF-China experiment [26]. Unlike these earlier studies, we have collected soil samples underneath individual trees rather than at the community-level, and it is therefore reasonable to suggest that the decline in soil bacterial diversity may point to a ‘dilution effect’ [23, 76]. From this perspective, the tree species richness gradient from 1, 2 to 4 resulted in smaller densities of conspecific tree species in the focal tree species, so that some focal tree-specific bacteria may be restricted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Tree and shrub richness modify subtropical tree productivity by modulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea

Tao

Veen

et al. 2022

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Declines in plant biodiversity often have negative consequences for plant community productivity, and it becomes increasingly acknowledged that this may be driven by shifts in soil microbial community composition. These relationships have been well-established in grasslands, and few studies also indicate that fungi play a role in driving tree diversity-productivity relationships in forests. However, the role of bacteria and archaea, which are also highly abundant in forest soils and perform pivotal ecosystem functions, has been largely overlooked. Here, we investigated how tree and shrub richness affects stand-level tree productivity via modulating bacterial and archaeal community diversity and composition. We used a landscape-scale, subtropical tree biodiversity experiment (BEF-China) where tree (1, 2 or 4 species) and shrub richness (0, 2, 4, 8 species) were modified. Our results showed that tree and shrub species richness affected bacterial diversity, community composition, and co-occurrence networks, but such effects were marginal for archaea. Both tree and shrub species richness increased stand-level tree productivity by modulating soil microbial community composition, with the effects being mediated via increases in soil C:N ratios. Our findings imply the importance of bacterial and archaeal communities in driving the relationship between plant diversity and productivity in subtropical forests and highlight that we may require a better understanding of prokaryotic communities in forest soils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Tree and shrub richness modify subtropical tree productivity by modulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea

Tao

Veen

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Section: Mutualism Host Expansion In the Mixed Forestmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…2 ). This exclusive directionality of host expansion, EMF on AMF-host, can be explained by the saprotrophic status of EMF versus the obligate biotrophic characteristic of AMF (Heklau et al 2021). While our specific species of Cupressus and Pistacia were not yet confirmed as dual- mycorrhizal plants (i.e., AM arbuscules or coils and EM structures such as Hartig net are both observed on roots of the same plant), other species from the same genera are known for their ability to host both AM and EM fungi (Teste et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosperity of the commons: Generalist mycorrhizal species dominate a mixed forest and may promote forest diversity by mediating resource sharing among trees

Rog

Lewin‐Epstein

Livne-Luzon

et al. 2022

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Mechanisms of host-microbe interactions and their direct impact on both parties have been extensively researched, however, much less is known on the effect of these interactions on the ecology of the host-community. Here we investigate tree-fungi mycorrhizal interactions, focusing on mycorrhizal-meditated resource sharing among trees, while examining the dynamics between specialist and generalist fungi and their implications on the forest ecology. Using genetic meta-barcoding, we identified the fungal community colonizing different trees in a mixed forest, and generated an extensive mapping connecting fungal sequences to their tree hosts. The mycorrhizal fungal community diverged between ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular host trees, but, unexpectedly, multiple ectomycorrhizal species colonized roots of non-ectomycorrhizal host trees. We complemented these findings by a novel computational framework, modeling competition between generalist and specialist mycorrhizal fungi, accounting for fungal-mediated resource sharing among neighboring trees. The analysis of the model revealed that generalist mycorrhizal networks may affect the entire tree community, and contribute to the maintenance of forest diversity in the long run. Furthermore, higher initial spatial mixing of trees can promote the evolution of generalist mycorrhizal species. These novel belowground interactions among trees and fungi may significantly impact forest biodiversity.

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“…BiodiversiTREE; BEF-China; Macomer, van de Peer et al ., 2018; and MyDiv, Ferlian et al ., 2018) allows testing mycorrhiza type effects, but these experiments use EcM trees belonging to a maximum three EcM plant lineages. In the MyDiv experiment, all tree species have been reported as dual mycorrhizal, where EcM colonisation of the predicted AM plants often exceeds that of predicted EcM plants (Heklau et al ., 2021), challenging the mycorrhiza type comparisons (if true). Furthermore, these experiments do not use root exclusion mechanisms, which may strongly blur measurements of soil biodiversity and function.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MycoPhylo experiment reveals how mycorrhiza types and phylogenetic relationships affect soil biodiversity and functioning

Tedersoo

Loit

Agan

et al. 2022

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SummaryNatural forests and abandoned agricultural lands are increasingly replaced by monospecific forest plantations that have poor capacity to support biodiversity and ecosystem services. Natural forests harbour plants belonging to different mycorrhiza types that differ in their microbiome and carbon and nutrient cycling properties.Here we describe the MycoPhylo field experiment that encompasses 116 woody plant species from three mycorrhiza types and 237 plots, with plant diversity and mycorrhiza type diversity ranging from one to four and one to three per plot, respectively.The MycoPhylo experiment enables us to test hypotheses about the plant species, species diversity, mycorrhiza type, and mycorrhiza type diversity effects and their phylogenetic context on soil microbial diversity and functioning and soil processes.Alongside with other experiments in the TreeDivNet consortium, MycoPhylo will contribute to our understanding of the tree diversity effects on soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning across biomes, especially from the mycorrhiza type and phylogenetic conservatism perspectives.

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Mixing tree species associated with arbuscular or ectotrophic mycorrhizae reveals dual mycorrhization and interactive effects on the fungal partners

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 34 publications

References 96 publications

Tree and shrub richness modify subtropical tree productivity by modulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea

Tree and shrub richness modify subtropical tree productivity by modulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea

Prosperity of the commons: Generalist mycorrhizal species dominate a mixed forest and may promote forest diversity by mediating resource sharing among trees

MycoPhylo experiment reveals how mycorrhiza types and phylogenetic relationships affect soil biodiversity and functioning

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