Mixture of Salix Genotypes Promotes Root Colonization With Dark Septate Endophytes and Changes P Cycling in the Mycorrhizosphere

Baum, Christel; Hrynkiewicz, Katarzyna; Szymańska, Sonia; Vitow, Nora; Hoeber, Stefanie; Fransson, Petra; Weih, Martin

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.01012

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A general effect of the species and the growth design on the phosphatase activity under Salix is in agreement with the results of the mycorrhizosphere observation by Baum et al [47]. However, only two Salix species were investigated in the present study due to the limitation of available plant variants at the test site Rostock in Germany (only Loden and Tora were present).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Site-Effects Dominate the Plant Availability of Nutrients under Salix Species during the First Cutting Cycle

Koczorski

Furtado

Hrynkiewicz

et al. 2021

Forests

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Fast-growing willows (Salix spp.) provide alternative sources of renewable energy generation, but need an adequate nutrient availability in the soil for high biomass production. In general, species mixtures can be more nutrient-efficient than pure cultures, but this is scarcely known for Salix spp. Therefore, this study evaluates the nutrient availability and P mobilization under two willow species, Salixdasyclados var. ‘Loden’ and S. schwerinii × viminalis var. ‘Tora’, grown as pure and mixed cultures at non-fertilized former arable sites in Germany (Stagnic Cambisol) and Sweden (Vertic Cambisol). The plant availability of potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P) and soil phosphatase activities in the topsoil were measured in spring of the year of planting (initial) and under 4 years-old stocks (one year after the first 3-year cutting cycle). The initial plant availability of the nutrients significantly differed between the sites and the two sampling dates at both sites. The plant availability of K and Mg was optimal to high at both sites and sampling dates, but rather low for P (after 4 years ≤5 mg P 100 g−1 soil). The plant-available P and K content in soil significantly decreased within the 4 years of willow growth at both sites. The acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the soil of the German site (Rostock) was significantly lower after 4 years of willow growth, but differed not significantly between the two sampling dates at the Swedish site (Uppsala). Higher activity of acid phosphatase compared to alkaline phosphatase was recorded in the soils at both test sites based on the site-specific soil pH (<7). The slight decrease of plant availability of P after 4 years of Salix growth in pure culture differed not significantly between the different species. Mixed growth did not decrease the plant availability of P within this period, although no significant difference in the biomass production of pure and mixed growth was observed. This was valid at both sites, and therefore, seems independent of the site-specific differences in soil and climate conditions. The general validity of the assumptions should be tested also for other species mixtures and soil conditions in the future before site-adapted growth designs can be recommended in biomass production of Salix.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Site-Effects Dominate the Plant Availability of Nutrients under Salix Species during the First Cutting Cycle

Koczorski

Furtado

Hrynkiewicz

et al. 2021

Forests

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“…A low ECM and endophyte diversity in roots in all genotype treatments in the Rostock trial were also shown previously (Baum et al, 2018), but the mycorrhizal root tips did not show a strong increase in ECM colonization in the 2-mixture compared to monocultures as the increase in the proportion ECM fungi in soil in the Rostock 2-mixture in the present study. In Uppsala, site conditions were more heterogeneous (block effects).…”

Section: Few Effects Of Plant Genotype Diversity On Soil Fungal Diversitysupporting

confidence: 87%

Site-Dependent Relationships Between Fungal Community Composition, Plant Genotypic Diversity and Environmental Drivers in a Salix Biomass System

Hoeber

Baum

Weih

et al. 2021

Front. Fungal Biol.

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Soil fungi are strongly affected by plant species or genotypes since plants modify their surrounding environment, but the effects of plant genotype diversity on fungal diversity and function have not been extensively studied. The interactive responses of fungal community composition to plant genotypic diversity and environmental drivers were investigated in Salix biomass systems, posing questions about: (1) How fungal diversity varies as a function of plant genotype diversity; (2) If plant genotype identity is a strong driver of fungal community composition also in plant mixtures; (3) How the fungal communities change through time (seasonally and interannually)?; and (4) Will the proportion of ECM fungi increase over the rotation? Soil samples were collected over 4 years, starting preplanting from two Salix field trials, including four genotypes with contrasting phenology and functional traits, and genotypes were grown in all possible combinations (four genotypes in Uppsala, Sweden, two in Rostock, Germany). Fungal communities were identified, using Pacific Biosciences sequencing of fungal ITS2 amplicons. We found some site-dependent relationships between fungal community composition and genotype or diversity level, and site accounted for the largest part of the variation in fungal community composition. Rostock had a more homogenous community structure, with significant effects of genotype, diversity level, and the presence of one genotype (“Loden”) on fungal community composition. Soil properties and plant and litter traits contributed to explaining the variation in fungal species composition. The within-season variation in composition was of a similar magnitude to the year-to-year variation. The proportion of ECM fungi increased over time irrespective of plant genotype diversity, and, in Uppsala, the 4-mixture showed a weaker response than other combinations. Species richness was generally higher in Uppsala compared with that in Rostock and increased over time, but did not increase with plant genotype diversity. This significant site-specificity underlines the need for consideration of diverse sites to draw general conclusions of temporal variations and functioning of fungal communities. A significant increase in ECM colonization of soil under the pioneer tree Salix on agricultural soils was evident and points to changed litter decomposition and soil carbon dynamics during Salix growth.

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“…As a bridge linking the plant and soil environment (Peterson et al, 2008), DSE fungi increases the interaction between plants and soil and expands the pool of N and P that can be used by host plants because they secrete lots of enzymes to mineralize organic N and insoluble P in soil into available forms; thus, promoting the growth and tolerance of plants to stressful conditions (Newsham, 2011; Monica et al, 2015). Although the degradation of specific organic nutrient sources can differ among different DSE species (Della Monica et al, 2015), studies have suggested that DSE fungi can mineralize organic compounds that contain N and P, improving their availability to plants (Baum et al, 2018). A recent study using Asparagus demonstrated that Phialocephala fortinii isolates can convert soil organic nutrients to available forms to support the plant growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Dark Septate Endophytic Fungi and Improve the Performance of Liquorice Under Organic Residue Treatment

Wang

Hou

2019

Front. Microbiol.

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Dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi is a diverse group of Ascomycetes fungi that colonize the plants roots, and may facilitate plant growth and fitness, however, their ecological roles need further clarification. This study aimed to evaluate the growth promoting effects of DSE fungi in a medicinal plant, liquorice ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis ), under additional organic residues. First, we isolated, identified and characterized, two DSE fungal species ( Acrocalymma vagum and Paraboeremia putaminum ) harboring inside the roots of liquorice growing in arid areas of China. Second, we examined the performance and rhizosphere soil parameters of liquorice plants inoculated with these fungi under additional sterilized organic residues and unsterilized organic residue (containing Trichoderma viride population) in a growth chamber. The results showed that two DSE strains could effectively colonize plant roots and formed a strain-dependent symbiosis with liquorice. DSE inoculation alone increased the plant biomass, and glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhizin content. It also improved the root system and N and P absorption by plants, consequently depleting these macronutrients in the soil. Residues alone increased soil organic matter, available phosphorus (P), and available nitrogen (N) content, and plant biomass, N, P, glycyrrhizic acid, and glycyrrhizin content. Mantel test and structural equation model (SEM) analysis demonstrated that DSE associated with residues significantly positively influenced soil organic matter, available P and available N, and plant biomass, glycyrrhizin, N, P, and root surface area. Variation in plant growth and glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhizin accumulation can be attributed to the effects of DSE inoculation. DSE associated with residues exhibited a general synergistic effect on the growth and accumulation of glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhizin of liquorice. We demonstrate for the first time, two DSE fungi in the liquorice roots that have potential use as promoter for the cultivation of medicinal plant.

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Mixture of Salix Genotypes Promotes Root Colonization With Dark Septate Endophytes and Changes P Cycling in the Mycorrhizosphere

Cited by 24 publications

References 54 publications

Site-Effects Dominate the Plant Availability of Nutrients under Salix Species during the First Cutting Cycle

Site-Effects Dominate the Plant Availability of Nutrients under Salix Species during the First Cutting Cycle

Site-Dependent Relationships Between Fungal Community Composition, Plant Genotypic Diversity and Environmental Drivers in a Salix Biomass System

Characterization of Dark Septate Endophytic Fungi and Improve the Performance of Liquorice Under Organic Residue Treatment

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