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Carlsson, Georg; Huss‐Danell, Kerstin

doi:10.1023/a:1024847017371

Cited by 360 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Without N addition, the studied Trifolium species consistently acquired the main part of their N from N 2 fixation, on average 70% at the Swedish site and 80-90% at the German site. These values are similar to previous studies in legume/grass leys receiving various amount of fertilizers and subject to several harvests per year (Carlsson and Huss-Danell 2003;Huss-Danell et al 2007). The consistently high pNdfa in perennial Trifolium species highlights their value as N contributors, in diverse as well as in species-poor grasslands, harvested once or several times per season.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The tall grass Phalaris arundinacea (L.) has been found to be a particularly strong competitor for inorganic soil N (Palmborg et al 2005). The efficient uptake of soil N by grasses has been found to cause an increased legume dependence on N 2 fixation when grasses are present, both in species-poor agricultural fields and in more diverse semi-natural meadows (Brophy et al 1987;Carlsson and Huss-Danell 2003;Hartwig 1998;Kahmen et al 2006;Loiseau et al 2001;Sanford et al 1995;Xiao et al 2004). In addition, Temperton et al (2007) found strong species-specific effects on N transfer between legumes and neighbouring nonlegumes, with grasses showing the largest benefit of fixed N.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These fields were maintained for up to 7 years and harvested only once or twice each year. We used these field experiments to elucidate the consistency of the observed high pNdfa in perennial forage legumes (Carlsson and Huss-Danell 2003;Huss-Danell and Chaia 2005). Because there was a decrease in the abundance of each individual species with increasing species richness inherent in the experimental design, we calculated the amount of N 2 fixed expressed as N 2 fixation per sown seed in each Trifolium species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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N2 fixation in three perennial Trifolium species in experimental grasslands of varied plant species richness and composition

et al. 2009

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This study is the first to investigate quantitative effects of plant community composition and diversity on N 2 fixation in legumes. N 2 fixation in three perennial Trifolium species grown in field plots with varied number of neighbouring species was evaluated with the 15 N natural abundance method (two field sites, several growing seasons, no N addition) and the isotope dilution method (one site, one growing season, 5 g N m -2 ). The proportion of plant N derived from N 2 fixation, pNdfa, was generally high, but the N addition decreased pNdfa, especially in species-poor communities. Also following N addition, the presence of grasses in species-rich communities increased pNdfa in T. hybridum and T. repens L., while legume abundance had the opposite effect. In T. repens, competition for light from grasses appeared to limit growth and thereby the amount of N 2 fixed at the plant level, expressed as mg N 2 fixed per sown seed. We conclude that the occurrence of diversity effects seems to be largely context dependent, with soil N availability being a major determinant, and that species composition and functional traits are more important than species richness regarding how neighbouring plant species influence N 2 fixation in legumes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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N2 fixation in three perennial Trifolium species in experimental grasslands of varied plant species richness and composition

et al. 2009

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“…For legume/cereal intercropping in particular, the complementary spatial distribution of roots in the soil profile determined the ability of a crop to acquire the nutrients and the water necessary to sustain growth Gao et al, 2010). Furthermore, root distribution and interaction in intercropping systems were also responsible for the close relationships between community performance and N acquisition by component crops (Morris andIn a perennial legume and seasonal cereal intercropping system, the below-ground root interaction determines the root spatial distribution pattern within a soil horizon, and further affects the N uptake and above-ground dry matter (DM) yields (Carlsson & Huss-Danell, 2003). Thus, it is essential to ascertain the root distribution in order to understand N acquisition and the mechanisms responsible for the higher productivity reported in intercropping systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root Distribution and N Acquisition in an Alfalfa and Corn Intercropping System

Zhang¹,

Zhang²,

Yang³

et al. 2013

JAS

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Little attention has been paid to root distribution in combined perennial legume and annual cereal crops. The main objectives of this study were to explore the regularity of root distribution and the influence on nitrogen (N) acquisition in different alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and corn (Zea mays L.) intercropping patterns. A three year (2007)(2008)(2009)) field experiment studied four intercropping patterns of alternating alfalfa and corn rows with alfalfa:corn rows sown at 2:2, 3:2, 4:2, and 5:2. Sole crops of corn and alfalfa were used as controls. Roots were sampled over 3 consecutive years by auger sampling method in the prime filling stage of corn from different soil depth, and the root length density (RLD) was used to describe the root spatial distribution of intercropped alfalfa and corn. The results showed that the alfalfa/corn intercropping system had the greater RLD values compared to the sole cropped alfalfa or corn. In addition, the root mass centre of intercropped alfalfa descended into deeper soil layers with advancing stand age, and likewise proliferated laterally towards associated corn rows. Whereas the corn root mass spread at relative shallow soil profile, and also more deployed laterally to neighboring alfalfa root zone. The gap between alfalfa and corn rows was the highest colonized area with greater intermingling and the highest RLD of both species root. The complementary and compatibility of the root spatial distribution of component crops in alfalfa/corn community were the essential cause for better biomass yield.

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“…Peoples et al (2001) reported that N 2 fixation amounts for pasture and crop legumes vary between 20 and 25 kg shoot N for every tone of shoot DM produced. Carlsson & Huss-Danell (2003) found 33 to 55 kg N/Mg of DM yield. In 2012 and 2013, where legumes and nonlegumes were analyzed separately, the N contained per each tone of dry biomass varied from 40 to 54 kg N in 2012 and 49 to 67 kg N in 2013.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Self-reseeding annual legumes for cover cropping in rainfed managed olive orchards

Rodrigues

Ferreira

Freitas

et al. 2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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<span lang="EN-US">Given the environmental impact of nitrogen (N)-fertilizer manufacture and use, the sustainable management of agro-systems should be sought by growing N-fixing legumes. In this work, eleven self-reseeding annual legumes were grown in pure stands as mulching cover crops in a rainfed olive orchard managed without grazing animals. Dry matter yield, N content in above-ground biomass, groundcover percentage and persistence of the sown species were assessed during four growing seasons. All covers provided enough soil protection over the year, with living plants during the autumn/winter period and a mulch of dead residues during the summer. The legumes overcame a false break observed in the third year recovering the dominance of the covers in the fourth growing season. This means that the seed bank established in previous seasons ensured the persistence of the sown legume even when a gap in seed production occurred. The early-maturing cultivars produced less biomass and fixed less N (approx. 50 kg N/ha/yr present in the above-ground biomass) than the late-maturing ones, but would compete less for water since the growing cycle finished earlier in the spring. They seem best suited to being grown in dry farmed olive orchards with low N demand in drought prone regions.<br /></span>

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Cited by 360 publications

References 64 publications

N2 fixation in three perennial Trifolium species in experimental grasslands of varied plant species richness and composition

N2 fixation in three perennial Trifolium species in experimental grasslands of varied plant species richness and composition

Root Distribution and N Acquisition in an Alfalfa and Corn Intercropping System

Self-reseeding annual legumes for cover cropping in rainfed managed olive orchards

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