MLVA typing of <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae</i> bacterins and field strains

Tamiozzo, Pablo; Zamora, Rosario; Lucchesi, Paula María Alejandra; Estanguet, Abel; Parada, Julián; Carranza, Alicia; Camacho, Pablo; Ambrogi, Arnaldo

doi:10.1136/vetreco-2015-000117

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…There are few studies of the virulence and genetic diversity of Mhp strains, which are used to manufacture bacterin vaccines and their relationship with Mhp field strains [9]. Charlebois et al [10] reported molecular variability between field and vaccine strains, with less than 55% homology between the vaccine and reference strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from Brazilian field samples

et al. 2019

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BackgroundPorcine enzootic pneumonia is a worldwide problem in swine production. The infected host demonstrates a respiratory disease whose etiologic agent is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp). A total of 266 lung samples with Mycoplasma-like lesions were collected from two slaughterhouses. We analyzed the genetic profile of Mhp field samples using 16 genes that encode proteins involved in the mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis and/or the immune responses of the host. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to classify the Mhp field samples based on their similarity according to the presence of the studied genes.ResultsOur results showed variations in the frequency of the 16 studied genes among different Mhp field samples. It was also noted that samples from the same farm were genetically different from each other and samples from different regions could be genetically similar, which is evidence of the presence of different genetic profiles among the Mhp field strains that circulate in Brazilian swine herds.ConclusionThis work demonstrated the genetic diversity of several Mhp field strains based on 16 selected genes related to virulence and/or immune response in Brazil. Our findings demonstrate the difference between Mhp field strains could influence the virulence, and we hypothesize that the most frequent genes in Mhp field strains could possibly be used as vaccine candidates. Based on our results, we suspect that Mhp genetic variability may be associated with the frequency of genes among the field strains and we have demonstrated that some Mhp field samples could not have many important genes described in the literature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from Brazilian field samples

et al. 2019

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“…Several studies described a high intra-farm genetic diversity (Stakenborg., 2006;Nathues et al, 2011;dos Santos et al, 2015;Tamiozzo et al, 2015;Michiels et al, 2017;Takeuti et al, 2017a) whereas others concluded that the variability was limited within the same farm (Stakenborg et al, 2005;Mayor et al, 2007Mayor et al, , 2008Vranckx et al, 2012;Charlebois et al, 2014;Galina-Pantoja L. et al, 2016). Results from the current study showed high M. hyopneumoniae variability within the farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of vaccination protocols against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae during the gilt acclimation period

Garza-Moreno

Pieters

López-Soria

et al. 2019

Veterinary Microbiology

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This study evaluated different gilt vaccination protocols against Mycoplasma (M.) hyopneumoniae at acclimation and their effect on the genetic diversity. A total of 180 M. hyopneumoniae naïve gilts were selected 1 week post-entry (wpe) at the acclimation barn in a clinically affected M. hyopneumoniae farm. Gilts were distributed according to the M. hyopneumoniae antibodies levels into three different vaccination schedules: A) four doses of a M. hyopneumoniae commercial vaccine at 2, 4, 6 and 8 wpe; B) two vaccine doses at 2 and 6 wpe and PBS at 4 and 8 wpe; and C) four PBS doses at the same wpe. Detection of M. hyopneumoniae (rt-PCR) and antibodies (ELISA) were assessed in gilts at 1, 14, 27 and 34 wpe and in 6 of their piglets at weaning. rt-PCR positive gilts were detected at 14 wpe, being the proportion significantly lower in groups A and B (3/120, 3%) than C (27/60, 45%). Seroconversion was detected at 14 wpe, showing significant differences in percentage of inhibition (PI) between groups A (median 4.9, range 3.1-19.9) and B (5.5, 3.7-13.5), and C (14.3, 3.3-53.2). Gilts remained seropositive over the study; significant differences in PI were detected between groups A and B versus C. Piglets were rt-PCR negative; proportion of seropositive piglets coming from vaccinated gilts was significantly higher than the non-vaccinated group. M. hyopneumoniae characterization showed high variability. Hence, gilt vaccination with 2 or 4 doses significantly decreased the pathogen infectious pressure, variability, and provided high antibody levels to gilts and their offspring.

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“…However, variations in reproducibility, feasibility and discriminatory power exist among these molecular methods (Sibila et al, ; Stakenborg et al, ). To provide further discrimination, Multiple‐Locus Sequence Typing (MLST; Mayor, Jores, Korczak, & Kuhnert, ), MLVA (Nathues et al, ; Dos Santos et al, ; Tamiozzo et al, ; Vranckx et al, ), partial‐gene sequencing (Garza‐Moreno et al, ; Mayor et al, ; Tsungda & Minion, ) and complete genome sequencing (Minion et al, ; Vasconcelos et al, ; Liu et al, ; Siqueira et al, ; Han et al, ) have been recently employed. While each molecular method has its strengths and disadvantages, it is important to consider the question at hand, resources available and capabilities that each method can provide prior to the utilization of such techniques.…”

Section: Molecular Characterization Methods Of Mycoplasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As identified in Mycoplasma spp., house‐keeping genes have been described to be highly conserved, resulting in limited variation among strains (Dumke, Catrein, Pirkil, Herrmann, & Jacobs, ). The MLVA assay is a typing method that identifies the number of VNTRs within surface proteins and has been employed for the molecular characterization of M. hyopneumoniae in Spain, Argentina, Belgium, United States, Mexico and Brazil (Table ; de Castro et al, ; Michiels et al, ; Dos Santos et al, ; Takeuti et al, ; Tamiozzo et al, ; Vranckx et al, ). Several techniques have described the M. hyopneumoniae variability using different loci numbers (e.g.…”

Section: Molecular Characterization Methods Of Mycoplasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P97, P146, H1, H4, H5; Table ). The targeted loci have been selected for their presumed bacterial adhesive capability to ciliated epithelium, presence of repetitive tandem repeats, or high degree of variability (Rebaque et al, ; Dos Santos et al, ; Tamiozzo et al, ; Vranckx et al, ). Currently, the MLVA assay is commonly performed due to its high discriminatory power, reproducibility and use of clinical samples has been widely implemented for epidemiological investigations (Dos Santos et al, ; Vranckx et al, ).…”

Section: Molecular Characterization Methods Of Mycoplasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaevariability:Current trends and proposed terminology for genomic classification

Betlach

Maes

Garza-Moreno

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyopneumoniae) is the aetiologic agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine, a prevalent chronic respiratory disease worldwide. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is a small, self-replicating microorganism that possesses several characteristics allowing for limited biosynthetic abilities, resulting in the fastidious, hostspecific growth and unique pathogenic properties of this microorganism. Variation across several isolates of M. hyopneumoniae has been described at antigenic, proteomic, transcriptomic, pathogenic and genomic levels. The microorganism possesses a minimal number of genes that regulate the transcription process. Post-translational modifications (PTM) occur frequently in a wide range of functional proteins. The PTM by which M. hyopneumoniae regulates its surface topography could play key roles in cell adhesion, evasion and/or modulation of the host immune system. The clinical outcome of M. hyopneumoniae infections is determined by different factors, such as housing conditions, management practices, co-infections and also by virulence differences among M. hyopneumoniae isolates. Factors contributing to adherence and colonization as well as the capacity to modulate inflammatory and immune responses might be crucial. Different components of the cell membrane (i.e. proteins, glycoproteins and lipoproteins) may serve as adhesins and/or be toxic for the respiratory tract cells. Mechanisms leading to virulence are complex and more research is needed to identify markers for virulence. The utilization of typing methods and complete or partial-gene sequencing for M. hyopneumoniae characterization has increased in diagnostic laboratories as control and elimination strategies for this microorganism are attempted worldwide. A commonly employed molecular typing method for M. hyopneumoniae is Multiple-Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis (MLVA). The agreement of a shared terminology and classification for the various techniques, specifically MLVA, has not been described, which makes inferences across the literature unsuitable. Therefore, molecular trends for M. hyopneumoniae have been outlined and a common terminology and classification based on Variable Number Tandem Repeats (VNTR) types has been proposed. K E Y W O R D S genomic classification, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, terminology, variability, Variable Number Tandem Repeats | 1841 BETLACH ET AL.

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MLVA typing of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterins and field strains

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic variation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from Brazilian field samples

Genetic variation of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae from Brazilian field samples

Comparison of vaccination protocols against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae during the gilt acclimation period

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniaevariability:Current trends and proposed terminology for genomic classification

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