L2,3M4,5

Abstract

We have investigated the Lz 3M4 5M4 5 Auger spectra of Ag excited with bremsstrahlung.The main experimental spectra are in good agreement with atomic-multiplet-structure calculations in which the initial state is treated in jj coupling and the final state in the intermediate coupling scheme. Anomalous loss structures appear at lower energies than those of the main spectra. These losses appear to be atomic in origin and are not manifest in the corresponding spectra of In, Sn, and Sb. We demonstrate that these losses are consistent with a model of d-band spectator vacancy shake-up satellites. Coster-Kronig processes present in Cu appear to be absent here.

Initial- and final-state excitations inKL23L23Auger spectra of Cu and Ni metals, induced near threshold

“…The main difference is that in our case the 3d → 4d excitation energy is calculated in a cluster environment ͑modeling solid state effects͒, and the screening of the two core holes in the final state is taken into account by charge neutralization of the cluster instead of the "Z + 2" approximation used in the "excited atom" model. The simple scheme derived by Kleiman et al 15 is based on the assumption that the multiplet structure of the Auger spectrum is mainly determined by the interaction of the two core holes in the final state of the Auger transition, while the extra multiplet interaction caused by the spectator vacancy created in the valence band is negligible ͑except of a slight broadening of the satellite line͒. Their results obtained for the Ag LMM Auger spectra 15 confirmed the validity of this assumption and are likewise applicable to similar cases ͑such as the Cu, Ni KLL spectra presented here͒.…”

“…1,12,13 On the basis of the excited atom model 14,15 and atomic calculations, the satellite found at the smaller energy separation ͑Sat 2͒ from the most intense 1 D 2 diagram line was attributed to a 3d spectator vacancy satellite assumed to occur due to an intraatomic 3d shake-up process during the 1s photoionization. 1,2 To estimate the energy separation ⌬E Sat2 between the main Auger peak and the satellite, cluster molecular orbital calculations were performed 2 using the discrete variational ͑DV͒ X␣ model.…”

Solid-state effects on the satellite structure of KLL Auger spectra in Cu and Ni

“…4 Consider an ijk Auger transition and suppose that the total energy of the metal atom of atomic number Z is denoted by E Z; n i , n j , n k , n l , where the occupation number of state i is denoted by n i , and a spectator vacancy may be optionally present in state l. The kinetic energy, ε Z , of an electron originated from the ijk Auger transition without a spectator vacancy in state 1 can be expressed as the difference of the total energy of the initial and final state of the given transition ε Z D E Z; 0, 1, 1, 1 E Z; 1, 0, 0, 1 1…”

High‐Resolution Auger Spectroscopy Applied to Metals and Alloys

“…5, we demonstrate the result of of the main spectrum [36] (i.e., -in the language of Fig. 2, the main spectrum corresponds to completely relaxed initial and final states, whereas the satellites reflect excited states).…”

“…In the bottom part, we present the corresponding data with the background subtracted. The bars represent jj-intermediate coupling (IC) intensities [36] (the spin-orbit parameter in the energy calculation was 2.40eV), and the solid curve corresponds to the envelope of Gaussians (of width 3.20 eV) placed at the position of the bars. The structure at and above the main peak is therefore in reasonable agreement with atomic theory.…”