MMP-9-Related microRNAs as Prognostic Markers for Hemorrhagic Transformation in Cardioembolic Stroke Patients

Abstract

Studies suggest that microRNAs that regulate expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 may be involved in hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after cardioembolic stroke, so we examined whether such microRNAs could predict HT in acute cardioembolic stroke patients. Blood samples were prospectively collected from patients who later experienced HT (n = 29) or did not (n = 29), and the samples were assayed for eight microRNAs identified as related to MMP-9 based on three microRNA databases. Expression levels of these microRNAs were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 28 of the 58 patients, 14 of whom suffered HT and 14 of whom did not. Four differentially expressed miRNAs were identified: hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-206, hsa-miR-491-5p, and hsa-miR-3123. Subsequent qRT-PCR analysis of these four miRNAs across all 58 patients showed that levels of miR-21-5p, miR-206, and miR-3123 were significantly higher in patients with HT than in those without HT, while expression of miR-491-5p was similar between the two groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting HT was 0.677 (95% CI 0.535–0.818) for miR-21-5p, 0.687 (95% CI 0.543–0.830) for miR-206, and 0.661 (95% CI 0.512–0.810) for miR-3123. Our results suggest that these three microRNAs may be prognostic markers for HT after cardioembolic stroke, which should be verified by future studies with large samples.

Bioinformatics Characterization of Candidate Genes Associated with Gene Network and miRNA Regulation in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients

“…Furthermore, the resulting mutations for CXCL8 and MMP9 clearly stated that the ESCC tumor progression was directly correlated with overexpression. Zheng et al, also stated that hsa-miR-21-5p upregulates the MMP9 gene in cardioembolic stroke patients [78]. Likewise, the miRNA hsa-mir-16-5p upregulated the HGsT10 such as CXCL8, COL1A1, MMP3, PLAUR, SPP1, and PLAU, which might affect the overall survival rate of the ESCC patients.…”

Serum microRNA miR-491-5p/miR-206 Is Correlated with Poor Outcomes/Spontaneous Hemorrhagic Transformation after Ischemic Stroke: A Case Control Study

“…Compared with MMP-9 as a protein, circulating miRNAs are relatively more stable in serum or plasma because they are enclosed within acid- and base-resistant membrane vesicles [ 18 ], allowing their quantitation by qRT–PCR. Four miRNAs, miR-21-5p, miR-206, miR-3123 and miR-491-5p, were identified as related to MMP-9 based on three microRNA databases and previous literature [ 8 ] and assayed.…”

“…MMP-9-related miRNAs may play a role in the regulatory mechanism of MMP-9. We have reported the effect of serum MMP-9-related miRNAs miR-21-5p, miR-206 and miR-3123 in cardioembolic stroke [ 8 ]. Here, we analyzed the cohort in our stroke registry to determine the correlation between miR-21-5p, miR-206, miR-3123 and miR-491-5p and functional outcomes after ischemic stroke.…”

RP11-362K2.2:RP11-767I20.1 Genetic Variation Is Associated with Post-Reperfusion Therapy Parenchymal Hematoma. A GWAS Meta-Analysis

“…It is also worth noting that myosin V binding was the GO term significantly associated with PH. Myosin V is primarily found in the central nervous system serving as neuronal marker [42] and has been linked to recycling endosomes and exocytosis of secretory MMP2 and MMP9 which have been widely associated with TH [43][44][45].…”