MMPI inmate profiles: suicide completers, suicide attempters, and non‐suicidal controls

Daigle, Marc

doi:10.1002/bsl.618

Cited by 37 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Finally, previous and recent suicidal behavior were not considered in the analysis; as measures of suicidality, only the six items of the MMPI-2 assessing suicidal intent were used. Although the valid-Although the validity of the MMPI as a psychometric instrument in discriminating suicidal syndromes is controversial (Watson, Klett, Walters, & Vassar, 1984), recent studies have supported a different view, emphasizing a possible important role of this instrument for a broader view in suicide assessment (Sepaher, et al, 1999;Kopper, et al, 2001;Daigle, 2004). Specifically, the problem related to the use of the six items of the MMPI-2 in screening actual suicide (as with the use of any other screening instrument) may be the very large number of false positives relative to the number of true positives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six items of the MMPI-2 (Item 150: "Sometimes I feel as if I must injure myself or someone else"; Item 303: "Most of the time I wish I were dead"; Item 506: "I have recently considered killing myself"; Item 520: "Lately, I have thought a lot about killing myself"; Item 524: "No one knows it, but I have tried to kill myself"; Item 530: "Sometimes I cut or injure myself on purpose without knowing why") assess suicidal intent. Such approach has been successfully used in previous studies ( Sepaher, Bongar, & Greene, 1999;Kopper, Osman, & Barrios, 2001;Daigle, 2004 ). For the purpose of this study, participants were included in one of two groups: lower suicidal risk (subjects who indicated suicidal intent on two items or less) and higher suicidal risk (subjects who indicated suicidal intent on three items or more).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide Risk and Personality Traits in Physically and/or Sexually Abused Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Preliminary Study

et al. 2009

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The aim of the present study was to analyze hopelessness and the affective temperament profile and MMPI characteristics among suicidal and nonsuicidal psychiatric inpatients with or without childhood physical and sexual abuse. The participants were 62 acute psychiatric inpatients (14 men, 48 women) admitted to the Sant'Andrea Hospital's psychiatric ward in Rome. Participants were administered the Italian versions of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Italian Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A-Rome), the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), and the Beck Hopelessness Scale. The suicide risk was evaluated by 6 items of the MMPI-2 assessing suicidal intent. Patients with physical/sexual abuse reported high Hopelessness and differed from nonabused patients on several temperamental and personality traits. Patients who reported bruises or marks caused by physical abuse by family members were 9 times more likely to be at higher risk for suicide; those who reported having been punished with a belt or other hard objects were 20 times more likely to be at higher risk for suicide, and those who reported having been insulted by family members were 6 times more likely to be at higher risk for suicide than patients who denied such abuse experiences. Results suggest that clinicians who identify suicide attempts and suicidal tendencies among patients should routinely be assessed for sexual or physical abuse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide Risk and Personality Traits in Physically and/or Sexually Abused Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Preliminary Study

et al. 2009

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“…The results of studies on risk factors for self-injurious behaviour can vary greatly depending on the type of self-injurious behaviour being examined (Borrill et al, 2003;Daigle, 2004;Kerkhof & Bernasco, 1990). Thus, the selection and operational definition of the dependent variable(s) are two of the most basic and decisive steps in designing such a study.…”

Section: Defining the Subjectmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risk factors for self‐injurious behaviour in custody: Problems of definition and prediction

Lohner

Konrad

2007

International Journal of Prisoner Health

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This article reviews the international literature of the last two decades on self-injurious behaviour in prisons and jails and introduces the risk factors associated with this behaviour. Studies from a variety of countries investigated different samples (e.g. in jails or prisons; female or male inmates). We only chose those studies using a control group of inmates without self-injurious behaviour. The findings on potential risk factors for self-injurious behaviour are largely contradictory because of the differences in sample selection and dependent variables (deliberate self-harm without suicidal intent vs. suicide attempts). We also discuss some methodological problems in predicting self-injurious behaviour. Defining the subjectThe results of studies on risk factors for self-injurious behaviour can vary greatly depending on the type of self-injurious behaviour being examined (Borrill et al., 2003;Daigle, 2004;Kerkhof & Bernasco, 1990). Thus, the selection and operational definition of the dependent variable(s) are two of the most basic and decisive steps in designing such a study. In this regard, studies have investigated a wide range of phenomena. Ivanoff (1989) called the definitions idiosyncratic. Malone et al. (1995) found inconsistencies in the definition of suicide attempts not only in the cases they examined, but also in the literature. The definitions included behaviours that ranged from suicidal ideation (i.e. no acting-out behaviour in the real sense; Daigle, 2004) to self-harming behaviour with various degrees of lethality and motives, to acts that might be called suicide attempts because the inmates had relatively strong desires to die or had inflicted considerable harm on themselves. In conceptualizing self-injurious behaviour in custody, some authors, on the one hand, use varying terms such as self-harm, suicide attempt, or parasuicide interchangeably

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“…In that way, changes in MMPI profiles could be better recognized, pointing to presuicidal and suicidal syndromes. However, recent studies support a different view, emphasizing a possible important role for MMPI profiles in the assessment of suicidal risk [32][33][34] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Temperament and Personality Dimensions in Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Psychiatric Inpatients

et al. 2008

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Background: Suicide is a serious public health problem. In the international literature there is evidence to support the notion that certain temperaments and personality traits are often associated with suicidal behavior. Sampling and Methods: In this study, 150 psychiatric inpatients were investigated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego autoquestionnaire, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, 2nd edition (MMPI-2) and the Beck Hopelessness Scale and evaluated for suicide risk by means of the critical items of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Results: Statistical analysis, including logistic regression analysis and multiple regression analysis, showed that suicide risk contributed to the prediction of hopelessness. Among the temperaments, only the hyperthymic temperament, as a protective factor, and the dysthymic/cyclothymic/anxious temperament contributed significantly to the prediction of hopelessness. Irritable temperament and social introversion were predictive factors for suicidal risk. Hopelessness and depression were associated with higher suicidal behavior and ideation, but, unexpectedly, depression as measured by the MMPI did not contribute significantly to the multiple regressions. Conclusions: The present study indicated that, although suicidal psychiatric patients have MMPI-2 profiles in the pathological range, they exhibit several differences from nonsuicidal patients. Patients at risk of suicide have specific temperaments as well as personality and defense mechanism profiles. They are more socially introverted, depressed and psychasthenic, and use hysterical and schizoid mechanisms more often. Generalizability of the findings was limited by the small sample size and the mix of bipolar disorder I, bipolar disorder II, major depressive disorder and psychotic disorder patients.

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MMPI inmate profiles: suicide completers, suicide attempters, and non‐suicidal controls

Cited by 37 publications

References 40 publications

Suicide Risk and Personality Traits in Physically and/or Sexually Abused Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Preliminary Study

Suicide Risk and Personality Traits in Physically and/or Sexually Abused Acute Psychiatric Inpatients: A Preliminary Study

Risk factors for self‐injurious behaviour in custody: Problems of definition and prediction

Temperament and Personality Dimensions in Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Psychiatric Inpatients

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