Mobile Capital, Local Externalities, and Industrialization

Spatial Specialization And Farm-Nonfarm Linkages

“…Foster and Rosenzweig (2004b), for instance, used a dummy for any village location within 10 kilometers of a town. 12 Evidence in Fafchamps andShilpi (2003 &2005), on the other hand, suggests that access to larger cities has 1 2 Much of the earlier literature on rural nonfarm activities also report concentration of these activities in rural towns and smaller cities. The larger urban centers in this literature are viewed mostly as competitors to rural activities (see, Haggblade, Hazell, and Brown, 1984).…”

“…4 The rural areas may attract more nonfarm activities as a result of infrastructure improvement if cities or towns are too congested and have higher living costs. 5 Agricultural productivity, by affecting rural wages, can also trigger relocation of non-farm activities over space. Our empirical analysis uses individual level employment data from the Household Expenditure and Income Survey (HIES, 2000) of Bangladesh.…”

Changes in the spatial concentration of employment across US counties: a sectoral analysis 1972–2000

“…We use the roughness penalty approach to determine point estimates; standard errors are calculated by applying the Conley correction for spatial autocorrelation. 13 As in Model 1, we again distinguish between localization and urbanization economies, with the difference that we now take into account spatial spillovers. The effects of geographical features largely confirm the results of Model 1, so we refrain from reporting them here.…”

Patterns of foreign direct investment in poor countries

“…The first strand argues that the immobile, complementary factor of production is human capital (Uzawa, 1965;Lucas, 1988;1990;Fafchamps, 1995; . I am grateful to Magnus Hatlebak, Kjell Eri Lommerud, Trond Olsen, Para Sen, Anthony…”