Rwanda is a landlocked country situated in Central Africa, bordered to the North by Uganda, to the East by Tanzania, to the South by Burundi and to the West by the Democratic Republic of Congo. Considered to be among the smallest countries on the continent, Rwanda's total area is estimated to be 26,338 KM 2 . According to Rwanda's National Institute of Statistics (NISR), in 2015, the population density in Rwanda was estimated to be 445 people per KM 2 and the total population is approximately 11,809,295 according to 2017 NISR projection. Also known as the 'Land of a thousand hills', Rwanda is situated at an altitude ranging between 1,000 m above sea level in the eastern part to 4,500 m of the Karisimbi, the country's highest mountain near the border with the Democratic Republic of the Congo. With an estimated population of about 12 million people (NISR, 2019 estimates), 52% of which are women, Rwanda has one of highest population densities in Africa (458.75/Km2). With over 40% of the population under the age of 30 (RPHC, 2012), Rwanda also boasts of one of the most youthful populations on the continent. With the support of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, Rwanda has been able to make important economic and structural reforms and sustain its economic growth rates over the last decade. Rwanda has made good progress over the last two decades since the enormous challenges faced in the aftermath of a genocide against the Tutsi that destroyed the entire social and economic fabric of this country. Rwandans have benefited from rapid economic growth, reduced poverty and the equality and increased access to services including health and education. This has been possible through the strong leadership under H.E Paul Kagame, President of the Republic of Rwanda and vision through high level commitment by government of Rwanda. More to this is Rwandan people choice as can be seen the leadership attributes behind Rwanda's transformation change and continuity. Rwanda's institutions evolved and developed into stronger, stable and sustainable in such a way that their efficiency have become a culture a rarity among many African countries. The aim of the study was to assess how Rwanda has fared with respect to economic transformation over the past 27 years and suggest recommendations for accelerating its progress. In this study, we not only analysed the trends in Rwanda's economic indicators over time, but also reviewed the policies that underlined the observed trends, with the aim of giving policy explanations and policy recommendations to accelerate economic transformation in Rwanda. There is evidence of a significant increase in private sector investment following the introduction of a revised tax code and implementation of the doing business reforms since 2005 although there was a downturn due to the World economic crisis in 2009. Both foreign and domestic investments have increased with FDI exceeding local investment and new jobs have been created. Exports have increased and there is some evidence of a b...