Mobile Sorption Heat Storage in Industrial Waste Heat Recovery

Abstract

Mobile energy storage systems working with Zeolite in an open sorption system can utilize industrial waste heat in cases where a pipeline bound connection is not cost sufficient. A demonstration plant using extraction steam from a waste incineration plant to charge the storage with 130 °C hot air and an industrial drying process as customer 7 km far away from the charging station was built, operated and monitored over one year. The storage contains 14 tons of Zeolite and uses at the discharging station exhaust air from the dryer with 60 °C and 0.09 kg/kg humidity to realize a storage capacity of 2.3 MWh, saves 616 kg carbon dioxide per cycle and shows no degradation within accuracy of the measuring equipment. Maldistribution through the packed bed of zeolite prohibit the desired power output. The prime energy costs can be reduced down to 73 €/MWh considering a small scale mass production.

Economic top–down evaluation of the costs of energy storages—A simple economic truth in two equations

“…Short-term storage with several hundred storage cycles per year allows several hundred times higher storage costs because of the larger energy turnover. For example, a mobile sorption heat storage delivering surplus heat from a waste incineration plant to an industrial drying process [7,8] To illustrate the range of storage costs for different users, the maximum acceptable storage capacity costs SCC acc of long-term (N cycle = 1 and 5) and short-term (N cycle = 300 and 1000) thermal energy storage are listed in Table 2. It becomes apparent that the annual number of storage cycles N cycle has by far the largest influence on SCC acc .…”

The size of sorbents in low pressure sorption or thermochemical energy storage processes

“…Kr€ onauer et al [88] developed a prototype of a mobile storage (energy transportation) based on an open sorption process, working with a packed bed of zeolite (CWK NaMSSX) with an average pellets diameter of 4 mm. The feasibility study [89] considers a maximum air flow of 20 000 m 3 h À1 with a bed thickness of 800 mm in which the circulation scheme tries to reduce the pressure drop (Fig.…”

Verification of hydrothermal stability of adsorbent materials for thermal energy storage

“…The schematic layout of the system is reported in Figure 1. It consists of one vacuum testing chamber (5), in which three plate heat exchangers (HEX) are located to perform the cycle (3) and shelf test at desorption (2) and adsorption (4) conditions. A second vacuum chamber, operating as evaporator/condenser, keeps the water vapor pressure inside the system constant, (7) and a vacuum valve connects the two chambers (6).…”

“…Thermal energy storage (TES) represents a crucial technology to be developed in order to increase the share of renewables 1 and the energy efficiency 2 in buildings as well as to improve energy efficiency of a wide variety of technologies. [3][4][5][6][7][8] Three classes of TES technologies are available, namely, sensible, 9 latent, 10 and thermochemical. 11 Particularly, sorption TES, belonging to the wider class of thermochemical TES, attracted a lot of attention during recent years, especially for storage at low/medium temperatures (eg, lower than 150°C).…”