Mobile-Traffic-Aware Offloading for Energy- and Spectral-Efficient Large-Scale D2D-Enabled Cellular Networks

Abstract

This paper investigates how to enhance the energy and spectral efficiency (ESE) performance of large-scale cellular networks by offloading mobile traffic with the aid of deviceto-device (D2D) communication. By appropriately exploiting the D2D-based mobile-traffic offloading mechanism, the users' behaviors and the specific network operating conditions, we develop an ESE evaluation framework for large-scale D2D-enabled cellular networks. This framework enables us to characterize the explicit relationship between the network's ESE and the offloading parameters as well as to quantify the influence of the users' behavior. Explicitly, we quantify the effects of the mobiletraffic intensity, the users' quality of service requirements as well as the base station density and other cellular system parameters on the achievable ESE. Tractable closed-form ESE-expressions are derived for a pair of spectrum sharing schemes, namely, D2D overlay and underlay in-band modes. Furthermore, we apply the analytical results to derive an optimal D2D-enabled mobiletraffic offloading scheme for D2D overlay cellular networks to maximize the network's ESE under a specific maximal cellular user outage and D2D transmitter power constraint. Numerical and simulation results are provided to verify our modeling accuracy and to demonstrate the impact of the system parameters on the achievable ESE.

Q-Learning Based Joint Energy-Spectral Efficiency Optimization in Multi-Hop Device-to-Device Communication

“…While joint ESE optimization has been addressed in several works concerning LTE networks (e.g., Reference [ 12 ]), to the best of our knowledge, very few papers specifically address joint ESE in D2D enabled cellular networks. Recently, [ 13 ] proposed an optimal scheme for D2D-enabled mobile-traffic offloading in a D2D overlay cellular networks with the purpose of maximizing the ESE of the network considering maximal cellular user outage and D2D transmitter power constraint. While such work provides useful insight for optimizing ESE in D2D enabled cellular networks, their focus is on the overall network performance, and not on that of the D2D users and the dissemination of critical information via multi-hop routing, as in our case.…”

Resource Allocation in Millimeter-Wave Device-to-Device Networks

“…Due to an increased number of devices which includes tablets, smartphones, wearable devices, and laptops, coupled with an increase in demand for the services offered by them, has brought the challenge of the current 4G network not meeting the required traffic capacity and quality of service. erefore, the deployment of D2D communication in 5G networks has shown that the current traffic can be offloaded to the D2D devices [24].…”

Deep Q-Learning Framework for Improving Spectral Efficiency in D2D Communication

“…Device-to-device (D2D) communications is expected to play a key role in internet of things (IoT) applications, such as health care, vehicular communications (V2X), industry automation, and many others. Beyond IoT, D2D may also help with content caching [2], traffic offloading [3] and ad-hoc applications, such as social applications and emergency services [4,5].…”