Mobile Virtual Reality as an Educational Platform: A Pilot Study on the Impact of Immersion and Positive Emotion Induction in the Learning Process

Raya, Elena Olmos; Cavalcanti, Janaina Ferreira; Contero, Manuel; Castellanos-Baena, M.C.; Chicci-Giglioli, I.A.; Alcañíz, Mariano

doi:10.29333/ejmste/85874

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Interaction with the immersive environment allows the user to co-create their experience giving them a subjective sense of “presence” in the virtual environment [3,5]. Immersion and presence can facilitate interventions using simulated 3D environments that set VR apps apart from in vivo behavioral treatments [6] and low-immersion 2D apps (eg, mobile phone) [7]. VR can serve as an adjunct to assist with the adoption of pain management skills in evidence-based interventions [4,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality as a Therapy Adjunct for Fear of Movement in Veterans With Chronic Pain: Single-Arm Feasibility Study

Fowler¹,

Ballistrea²,

Mazzone³

et al. 2019

JMIR Form Res

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BackgroundVirtual reality (VR) has demonstrated efficacy for distraction from pain-related thoughts and exposure to feared movements. Little empirical VR research has focused on chronic pain management.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of VR as an adjunctive intervention for Veterans with chronic pain. We designed a hierarchy ranging from low-intensity pain distraction to high-intensity movement-based exposure for this purpose. VR apps were mapped onto the hierarchy.MethodsSixteen Veterans receiving inpatient chronic pain rehabilitation participated in daily VR sessions over a 3-week period. Trajectories across the distraction-to-exposure hierarchy and Veteran-reported intensity ratings were described and evaluated over time. Minimum clinically important differences (MCIDs), pre-post effect sizes, and 95% confidence intervals were examined for fear of movement using the Fear of Daily Activities Questionnaire (FDAQ) and Pain Outcomes Questionnaire-VA (POQ-VA; fear scale). This approach was applied to secondary outcomes: POQ-VA (pain intensity, interference, negative affect), Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Patient-Specific Functioning Scale (PSFS). Session attendance, completion, and VR experiences were described.ResultsTen of 14 Veterans (71%) who participated in three or more VR sessions completed the distraction-to-exposure hierarchy. Only three trajectories emerged more than once. Due to high completion rates, Veterans that completed the hierarchy could self-select nonhierarchy apps. Veterans rated all hierarchy levels (low, medium, high) near medium intensity. Self-selected activities were rated as high intensity. For kinesiophobia, six Veterans (38%) exceeded the MCID on the FDAQ and a small effect size improvement was observed (Cohen d=−0.35). The confidence interval (95% CI −0.71 to 0.01) indicated the possibility of a null effect. The POQ-VA fear scale yielded no effect (Cohen d=0.06, 95% CI −0.43 to 0.54). For secondary outcomes, Veterans exceeding MCID were calculated with complete data: pain intensity (1/15, 7%), pain catastrophizing (5/14, 36%), and patient-specific functioning (10/15, 67%). Effect sizes were large for patient-specific functioning (Cohen d=1.14, 95% CI 0.50-1.78), medium for mobility interference (Cohen d=−0.56, 95% CI −0.96 to −0.16), and small for pain intensity (Cohen d=−0.40, 95% CI −0.69 to −0.12) and catastrophizing (Cohen d=−0.41, 95% CI −0.79 to −0.02). No effects were observed for interference in daily activities (Cohen d=0.10, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.47) and negative affect (Cohen d=0.07, 95% CI −0.26 to 0.40). Veterans attended 85.2% (98/108) of VR sessions and completed 95% (93/96) of sessions attended. Twenty-minute sessions were rated as too short. No significant adverse events were reported.ConclusionsFindings support the feasibility of VR as an adjunct for Veterans with chronic pain. However, the hierarchy will require modification, as evidenced by homogeneous intensity ratings. Veteran-selected activities presented the highest intensity rating...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality as a Therapy Adjunct for Fear of Movement in Veterans With Chronic Pain: Single-Arm Feasibility Study

Fowler¹,

Ballistrea²,

Mazzone³

et al. 2019

JMIR Form Res

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“…For classroom videos, this entails that PSTs can view classroom interactions from both a teacher and student perspective. Using YouTube as an online platform, 360-degree videos can be watched with a virtual reality-headset ( Figure 1), disconnecting viewers from their surroundings (Aguayo, Cochrane, and Narayan 2017;Olmos-Raya et al 2018). This way, 360-degree videos provide viewers with a sense of presence and immersion within a realistic and authentic situation that cannot be realised with traditional 2D videos (Reyna 2018;Martín-Gutiérrez et al 2016;Yoh 2001).…”

Section: -Degree Videosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing authentic learning experiences in teacher education through 360-degree videos and theoretical lectures: reducing preservice teachers’ anxiety

Theelen

Beemt

Brok

2020

European Journal of Teacher Education

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Preservice teachers (PSTs) often experience professional anxiety when managing their classrooms. These feelings of anxiety can be reduced, and their feelings of self-efficacy increased by training PSTs' interpersonal competence. This study used authentic learning experiences combining theoretical lectures and 360-degree videos watched with virtual reality headsets, to train their interpersonal competence. Participants of this study were 141 first year PSTs of a teacher education institute in the Netherlands. Results showed that the video-lecture combination led to a reduced professional anxiety and increased self-efficacy. PSTs' self-perceptions of their own expected interpersonal behaviour indicated that PSTs thought they would be more in control in the actual classroom after the intervention. PSTs attributed these results to exemplary teacher behaviour shown in the 360-degree videos.

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“…The comparison result did not show a significant difference in quantitative learning measurements, though the completion time of the VR version was always longer than the non-VR version. Olmos et al [17] provided an educational platform to study the influence of emotional induction and level of immersion on learning motivation. They presented a usability study between an immersive version with an HMD and a low-immersive version with a tablet.…”

Section: Use Case Studies Of Serious Vr Gamesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usability and Engagement Study for a Serious Virtual Reality Game of Lunar Exploration Missions

2019

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Virtual reality (VR) technologies have opened new possibilities for creating engaging educational games. This paper presents a serious VR game that immerses players into the activities of lunar exploration missions in a virtual environment. We designed and implemented the VR game with the goal of increasing players’ interest in space science. The game motivates players to learn more about historical facts of space missions that astronauts performed on the Moon in the 1970s. We studied usability and engagement of the game through user experience in both VR and non-VR versions of the game. The experimental results show that the VR version improved their engagement and enhanced the interest of players in learning more about the events of lunar exploration.

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Mobile Virtual Reality as an Educational Platform: A Pilot Study on the Impact of Immersion and Positive Emotion Induction in the Learning Process

Cited by 46 publications

References 31 publications

Virtual Reality as a Therapy Adjunct for Fear of Movement in Veterans With Chronic Pain: Single-Arm Feasibility Study

Virtual Reality as a Therapy Adjunct for Fear of Movement in Veterans With Chronic Pain: Single-Arm Feasibility Study

Enhancing authentic learning experiences in teacher education through 360-degree videos and theoretical lectures: reducing preservice teachers’ anxiety

Usability and Engagement Study for a Serious Virtual Reality Game of Lunar Exploration Missions

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