Modal Expansion Approach for Electromagnetic Propagation in Street Canyons

Simone, Alessio Di; Iodice, Antonio

doi:10.1109/tap.2018.2883683

Cited by 2 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We note that although the proposed NLOS propagation model has been explicitly derived only for a vertically polarized transmitting antenna, results for the horizontal case can be derived as well by using an analogous procedure. It turns out that, similarly to the LoS case (Di Simone & Iodice, ), the only significant difference in the final results is that the horizontal polarization attenuation constants

α_{m}^{h}

and

α_{n}^{h}

in the main and secondary streets are ε wr times larger than their vertical polarization counterparts

α_{m}^{v}

and

α_{n}^{v}

. Accordingly, the vertical polarization is demonstrated to be more suited for telecommunications applications, and therefore, it has been selected in our study.…”

Section: Non‐line‐of‐sight Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…By averaging over the horizontal position of both the receiver and the transmitter and exploiting mutual mode orthogonality as explained in Di Simone and Iodice (), the total average power density can be expressed as

\begin{matrix} left \\ {\overset{S}{true}}_{v} (y, x') = \frac{1}{italicab} \int_{- a / 2}^{+ a / 2} \int_{- b / 2}^{+ b / 2} S_{v} (x', y, z') dz' {italicdx}_{T} ≅ \frac{1}{4} \frac{k^{2} ζ {(||, I_{0})}^{2} l_{italiceff}^{2}}{4 π a^{2} k (z_{c} + x^{'})} \sum_{m = 1}^{m_{\max}} \cos^{2} (\frac{italicmπ}{a} x_{c} - ψ_{m}) \exp (- 2 α_{m}^{v} z_{c}) \\ \sum_{n = 1}^{n_{\max}} \frac{n^{2} λ^{4}}{π^{2} b^{4}} \sin^{2} (\frac{italicnπ}{2} - \frac{italicπb}{λ}) \exp (- 2 α_{n}^{v} x^{'}) {(||, 1 + Γ_{v} (ϑ^{-}) \exp (- j normalΔ italicβρ))}^{2}, \end{matrix}

where

normalΔ italicβρ ≅ \frac{4 italicπy y_{T}}{λ ((), z_{c} + x^{'})} .

…”

Section: Non‐line‐of‐sight Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We then obtain

{\overset{true¯}{S}}_{v} ((), y, x') ≅ \frac{P_{T} G_{T}}{2 italicπa ((), z_{c} + x^{'})} \cdot \frac{λ}{2 a} \sum_{m = 1}^{m_{\max}} \exp ((), - 2 α_{m}^{v} z_{c}) 3 {(\frac{λ}{2 b})}^{3} \sum_{n = 1}^{n_{\max}} n^{2} \exp ((), - 2 α_{n}^{v} x^{'}) \cdot \frac{2 λ}{3 π^{2} b} {|1 - \exp (- j Δ βρ)|}^{2},

where P T and G T are the transmitted power and the transmitting antenna gain, respectively, and (Di Simone & Iodice, )

\frac{k^{2} ζ}{2} {|I_{0}|}^{2} l_{eff}^{2} = 4 π P_{T} G_{T} .

…”

Section: Non‐line‐of‐sight Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a closed‐form expression of the average received signal strength was obtained (named Simplified MESC, or S‐MESC), which exhibits a good agreement with experimental evidence. Finally, in Di Simone and Iodice () we showed that the modal expansion approach can be fruitfully exploited to compute around‐the‐corner propagation in a crossing street. However, while the LoS propagation case was described and discussed in detail, and the complete derivation of results was provided, for the Non‐Line‐of‐Sight (NLoS) around‐the‐corner case, only the final results, with no derivation, were presented and briefly discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These corrections are most often based on the use of parameters that are adjusted via fitting the model with measured data. Conversely, in Di Simone and Iodice () and here we employ the modal expansion approach: We write both the field in the main street (i.e., the street where the transmitting antenna is present) and the received field in the crossing (or secondary) street as superpositions of leaky modes; then, by using a perturbative approach, we compute coupling coefficients between the two sets of modes by projecting the field in the main street, in correspondence of the crossroad, onto the crossing street field modal functions. By averaging over the street width and identifying two groups of dominant modes, we also obtain a fairly simple and accurate formulation of the average received signal strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Reciprocal Formulation of the Modal Expansion Approach for Around‐the‐Corner Propagation in Street Canyons

Simone

Iodice

2020

Radio Science

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In a recent paper, we have presented an efficient and simple approach to model electromagnetic propagation in urban street canyons, when both the transmitter and the receiver are below the rooftop level. The model is based on the modal expansion approach, and we have shown that it is computationally efficient and that it allows for deriving a straightforward expression of the average received signal strength. In that paper, the Line-of-Sight (LoS) propagation case was described and discussed in detail, and the complete derivation of results was provided. Conversely, for the Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) around-the-corner case, only the final results were presented and briefly discussed. In the present paper, first of all we provide full details on the derivation of formulas for the NLoS case. In addition, we extend the discussion of results and properly analyze the obtained NLoS propagation loss expression. Last but not least, in contrast with our previous propagation model, we here propose a new formulation of the NLoS case that satisfies a key property in electromagnetics, that is, reciprocity, which was previously fulfilled only in the LoS case. The presented models are validated using empirical models, ray-tracing algorithms, and experimental campaigns.

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α_{m}^{h}

and

α_{n}^{h}

in the main and secondary streets are ε wr times larger than their vertical polarization counterparts

α_{m}^{v}

and

α_{n}^{v}

. Accordingly, the vertical polarization is demonstrated to be more suited for telecommunications applications, and therefore, it has been selected in our study.…”

Section: Non‐line‐of‐sight Propagation Modelmentioning

confidence: 89%