Modality-specific communication enabling gait synchronization during over-ground side-by-side walking

Zivotofsky, Ari Z.; Gruendlinger, Leor; Hausdorff, Jeffrey M.

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2012.01.003

Cited by 56 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…When pairs of women were asked to walk together down a hallway (Zivotofsky & Hausdorff, 2007), tactile information (holding hands) led to synchronization of steps in about 50 % of the cases, whereas manipulations of visual and auditory information had no significant effect. In a similar, more recent study (Zivotofsky, Gruendlinger, & Hausdorff, 2012), half of the pairs tested never synchronized, whereas the other half did so in most conditions. Tactile and auditory information seemed to encourage entrainment, but peripheral vision did not.…”

Section: Unintentional or Spontaneous Entrainment 28mentioning

confidence: 71%

Sensorimotor synchronization: A review of recent research (2006–2012)

2013

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Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) is the coordination of rhythmic movement with an external rhythm, ranging from finger tapping in time with a metronome to musical ensemble performance. An earlier review (Repp, 2005) covered tapping studies; two additional reviews (Repp, 2006a, b) focused on music performance and on rate limits of SMS, respectively. The present article supplements and extends these earlier reviews by surveying more recent research in what appears to be a burgeoning field. The article comprises four parts, dealing with (1) conventional tapping studies, (2) other forms of moving in synchrony with external rhythms (including dance and nonhuman animals' synchronization abilities), (3) interpersonal synchronization (including musical ensemble performance), and (4) the neuroscience of SMS. It is evident that much new knowledge about SMS has been acquired in the last 7 years.

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Section: Unintentional or Spontaneous Entrainment 28mentioning

confidence: 71%

Sensorimotor synchronization: A review of recent research (2006–2012)

2013

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“…These studies generally report a positive influence, such as one by Hausdorff and colleagues who reported a more automatic movement pattern with less stride-to-stride variability when gait was timed to a metronome (Hausdorff et al, 2007 ). Furthermore, evidence suggests that auditory information is an important factor causing unintentional synchronization of stepping when humans walk side-by-side (Zivotofsky et al, 2012 ). Based on these findings, hearing impairment has the potential to compromise automaticity of walking.…”

Section: Mechanistic Factors That Influence Automaticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Automaticity of walking: functional significance, mechanisms, measurement and rehabilitation strategies

Clark

2015

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

324

276

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Automaticity is a hallmark feature of walking in adults who are healthy and well-functioning. In the context of walking, “automaticity” refers to the ability of the nervous system to successfully control typical steady state walking with minimal use of attention-demanding executive control resources. Converging lines of evidence indicate that walking deficits and disorders are characterized in part by a shift in the locomotor control strategy from healthy automaticity to compensatory executive control. This is potentially detrimental to walking performance, as an executive control strategy is not optimized for locomotor control. Furthermore, it places excessive demands on a limited pool of executive reserves. The result is compromised ability to perform basic and complex walking tasks and heightened risk for adverse mobility outcomes including falls. Strategies for rehabilitation of automaticity are not well defined, which is due to both a lack of systematic research into the causes of impaired automaticity and to a lack of robust neurophysiological assessments by which to gauge automaticity. These gaps in knowledge are concerning given the serious functional implications of compromised automaticity. Therefore, the objective of this article is to advance the science of automaticity of walking by consolidating evidence and identifying gaps in knowledge regarding: (a) functional significance of automaticity; (b) neurophysiology of automaticity; (c) measurement of automaticity; (d) mechanistic factors that compromise automaticity; and (e) strategies for rehabilitation of automaticity.

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“…Currently, gait synchrony to a non-adapting auditory cue is not fully understood and may lead to walking dynamics that are different from those of natural, uncoupled human gait [14–16]. The second strategy involves synchronization of gait to that of another person walking at one’s side [10–12,17]. Since reciprocal interaction occurs between the two walkers, changes in gait are likely due to interactive coupling between the two gait rhythms [12,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walking on a Vertically Oscillating Treadmill: Phase Synchronization and Gait Kinematics

et al. 2017

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Sensory motor synchronization can be used to alter gait behavior. This type of therapy may be useful in a rehabilitative setting, though several questions remain regarding the most effective way to promote and sustain synchronization. The purpose of this study was to describe a new technique for using synchronization to influence a person’s gait and to compare walking behavior under this paradigm with that of side by side walking. Thirty one subjects walked on a motorized treadmill that was placed on a platform that oscillated vertically at various frequencies and amplitudes. Synchronization with the platform and stride kinematics were recorded during these walking trials and compared with previously reported data from side by side walking. The results indicated that vertical oscillation of the treadmill surface at frequencies that matched subjects preferred stride or step frequency resulted in greater unintentional synchronization when compared with side by side walking data (up to 78.6±8.3% of the trial vs 59.2±17.4%). While intermittent phase locking was observed in all cases, periods of synchronization occurred more frequently and lasted longer while walking on the oscillating treadmill (mean length of periods of phase locking 11.85 steps vs 5.18 steps). Further, stride length, height and duration were altered by changing the frequency of treadmill oscillation. These results suggest that synchronization to a haptic signal may hold implications for use in a clinical setting.

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Modality-specific communication enabling gait synchronization during over-ground side-by-side walking

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

Sensorimotor synchronization: A review of recent research (2006–2012)

Sensorimotor synchronization: A review of recent research (2006–2012)

Automaticity of walking: functional significance, mechanisms, measurement and rehabilitation strategies

Walking on a Vertically Oscillating Treadmill: Phase Synchronization and Gait Kinematics

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