Mode differences in a mixed-mode health interview survey among adults

Hoebel, Jens; Lippe, Elena von der; Lange, Cornelia; Ziese, Thomas

doi:10.1186/2049-3258-72-46

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Owing to the sample design and the weighting factors used to adjust for survey non-response, it is possible to draw conclusions for the adult population in Germany from our results. As data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, social desirability bias should have been low, because this type of bias mainly occurs when interviewers are involved in the data collection process [57, 58]. Recall bias should also have been low, as the measures were based on questions referring to the present or the last 2 weeks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Inequalities and Depressive Symptoms in Adults: The Role of Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Status

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThere is substantial evidence that lower objective socioeconomic status (SES)—as measured by education, occupation, and income—is associated with a higher risk of depression. Less is known, however, about associations between perceptions of social status and the prevalence of depression. This study investigated associations of both objective SES and subjective social status (SSS) with depressive symptoms among adults in Germany.MethodsData were obtained from the 2013 special wave of the German Health Update study, a national health survey of the adult population in Germany. Objective SES was determined using a composite index based on education, occupation, and income. The three single dimensions of the index were also used individually. SSS was measured using the MacArthur Scale, which asks respondents to place themselves on a 10-rung ‘social ladder’. Regression models were employed to examine associations of objective SES and SSS with current depressive symptoms, as assessed with the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8 sum score ≥10).ResultsAfter mutual adjustment, lower objective SES and lower SSS were independently associated with current depressive symptoms. The associations were found in both sexes and persisted after further adjustment for sociodemographic factors, long-term chronic conditions, and functional limitations. Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect relationship between objective SES and depressive symptoms through SSS. When the three individual dimensions of objective SES were mutually adjusted, occupation and income were independently associated with depressive symptoms. After additional adjustment for SSS, these associations attenuated but remained significant.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that perceptions of low social status in adults may be involved in the pathogenesis of depression and play a mediating role in the relationship between objective SES and depressive symptoms. Prospective studies are needed to establish the direction of effects and to address questions of causality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Inequalities and Depressive Symptoms in Adults: The Role of Objective and Subjective Socioeconomic Status

et al. 2017

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“…In the baseline study, the data on parental smoking behaviour and SHS exposure in the parental home were collected using self-completed questionnaires; by contrast, computer-aided telephone interviews were used in the follow-up survey. Since the tendency towards social desirability has occasionally been seen to be greater in interviews than in written surveys [ 73 , 74 ], the possibility cannot be excluded that the downward trend in parental smoking behaviour and domestic SHS exposure among children might be based at least partially on a “mode effect”. Whether such an effect does indeed exist, and how parental smoking behaviour and domestic SHS exposure among children will develop in the future, cannot be estimated on the basis of the KiGGS data until 2017 at the earliest.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social disparities in parental smoking and young children’s exposure to secondhand smoke at home: a time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data from the German KiGGS study between 2003-2006 and 2009-2012

Kuntz

Lampert

2016

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundChildren who are exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) have an increased risk of a wide range of health problems and illnesses. Smoke-free legislation aims to improve indoor air quality and in this way protect the health of people who do not smoke. This paper examines trends in SHS exposure at home among children in Germany since the introduction of smoking bans in public places. Special focus is placed on the importance of the family of origin’s socioeconomic status (SES) and on parental smoking behaviour.MethodsThe analyses are based on two waves of the “German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” (KiGGS)—one of which was conducted immediately before the introduction of central smoke-free legislation in the 2003-2006 period, the other approximately 6 years later from 2009 to 2012. A comparison is made between the answers given by the parents of children aged between 0 to 6 (KiGGS baseline study, n = 6680; KiGGS Wave 1, n = 4455). Domestic SHS exposure is covered in the parent interviews by asking whether anyone is allowed to smoke at home in the presence of their child. Parental smoking behaviour is determined separately for mothers and fathers. SES is determined on the basis of the parents’ education, occupational status and income.ResultsThe percentage of 0- to 6-year-old children exposed to SHS in the parental home fell from 23.9 to 6.6 % in the period from 2003-2006 to 2009-2012. At the same time, the percentage of children with at least one parent who smokes decreased from 49.8 to 41.8 %. While relative social inequalities in parental smoking behaviour have tended to increase over time, inequalities in domestic SHS exposure have persisted. Children whose parents smoke and children from low-SES families are still most likely to be exposed to tobacco smoke. In both study periods and after statistical adjustment for parental smoking behaviour, children with a low SES had a 6.6-fold higher risk for SHS exposure in the parental home than children from high-SES households.ConclusionsThe results of the KiGGS study show that the proportion of children in Germany who are exposed to SHS at home has declined significantly over the last few years. There is much to suggest that the smoke-free legislation that has been introduced in Germany has led to a heightened awareness of the health risks of SHS both in public and in the private sphere, as well as to a denormalization of smoking. Children whose parents smoke, and among them particularly children from socially disadvantaged families, should be recognised as key target groups when implementing future tobacco-control measures.

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“…While in the baseline survey selfadministered questionnaires were used to collect data on smoking and passive smoke exposure, the follow-up survey relied on computer-assisted telephone interviewing. Since a stronger tendency towards social desirability has occasionally been found for interviews compared with written surveys (38,39), the possibility cannot be ruled out that this type of answer bias is at least partially responsible for the decreasing trend in adolescent smoking prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%