Mode of Resistance of Triazine-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)

Kelly, Steven T.; Coats, G. Euel; Luthe, Dawn S.

doi:10.1017/s0890037x00042172

Cited by 45 publications

(58 citation statements)

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“…2A). Note that none of the previously described tolerance-conferring mutations, resulting in amino acid substitutions at Ser 264 and Val 219 (9,51,53,55,62,68), was found in any of the psbA haplotypes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Mutations in psbA have emerged in plants growing in environments contaminated by PS II inhibitors as a consequence of their selection pressures (reviewed in references 24 and 81). The mutations result in amino acid substitutions in or close to the herbicide-binding region of D1 in either of two positions, Ser 264 and Val 219 (9,51,53,55,62,68), which are thought to give tolerance through a reduced affinity of the herbicide to the Q B -binding niche (45,97). Whereas eukaryotes have only one or two copies of psbA per chloroplast genome (26,27), cyanobacteria have from two to five paralogous psbA genes (19,73,107).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Community-Level Analysis of psbA Gene Sequences and Irgarol Tolerance in Marine Periphyton

Eriksson

Clarke

Franzén

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This study analyzes psbA gene sequences, predicted D1 protein sequences, species relative abundance, and pollution-induced community tolerance in marine periphyton communities exposed to the antifouling compound Irgarol 1051. The mechanism of action of Irgarol is the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport at photosystem II by binding to the D1 protein. The metagenome of the communities was used to produce clone libraries containing fragments of the psbA gene encoding the D1 protein. Community tolerance was quantified with a short-term test for the inhibition of photosynthesis. The communities were established in a continuous flow of natural seawater through microcosms with or without added Irgarol. The selection pressure from Irgarol resulted in an altered species composition and an inducted community tolerance to Irgarol. Moreover, there was a very high diversity in the psbA gene sequences in the periphyton, and the composition of psbA and D1 fragments within the communities was dramatically altered by increased Irgarol exposure. Even though tolerance to this type of compound in land plants often depends on a single amino acid substitution (Ser 264 3Gly) in the D1 protein, this was not the case for marine periphyton species. Instead, the tolerance mechanism likely involves increased degradation of D1. When we compared sequences from low and high Irgarol exposure, differences in nonconserved amino acids were found only in the so-called PEST region of D1, which is involved in regulating its degradation. Our results suggest that environmental contamination with Irgarol has led to selection for high-turnover D1 proteins in marine periphyton communities at the west coast of Sweden.Development of tolerance, or resistance, to anthropogenic toxicants released into the environment is an issue of increasing importance. Reports of tolerant organisms are increasing, and tolerance toward a variety of compounds has been found (22,44,46,100). This is essentially evolution in action and shows that toxicants can act as selective pressures in the environment. Even though high concentrations of toxicants can be released in episodes or pulses, the overall environmental concentrations of toxicants are often quite low, which implies that adaptation and nonlethal selection are more common than acute and/or lethal effects.Since sensitivities to a given toxicant differ within species and even more so between species (12), a toxicant-induced succession (TIS) will occur in toxicant-exposed communities, where sensitive species, individuals, or genotypes are replaced by more tolerant ones, giving an increase in average tolerance in the community. This chain of events is fundamental for the pollution-induced community tolerance (PICT) concept (14). PICT studies can be performed in natural or model ecosystems and have the important advantage of a causal link between exposure and effect. The concept has been used to demonstrate long-term selection pressure from toxicants on several types of communities, as reviewed by Blanck (10) and...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Level Analysis of psbA Gene Sequences and Irgarol Tolerance in Marine Periphyton

Eriksson

Clarke

Franzén

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Actualmente se encuentran reportados diversos biotipos de P. annua con resistencia a herbicidas triazínicos, ureas sustituidas (estos dos grupos afectan la fotosíntesis en el fotosistema II), dinitroanilinas, glifosato y paraquat principalmente (Eelen et al, 1999;Kelly et al, 1999;Owen, 2001;Isgrigg et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Determinación de la resistencia al cletodim en Poa annua en Costa Rica.

et al. 2015

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El objetivo de este trabajo fue verificar la presencia de resistencia al cletodim en poblaciones de Poa annua, en el cultivo de cebolla en la zona alta de Cartago, Costa Rica. Se realizaron dos experimentos; el primero se llevó a cabo en el año 2007, en una casa de mallas de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM), con semilla de plantas que procedieron de una finca donde cletodim ejerció buen control (S), y de otra finca con control deficiente (R). En cada población se aplicó cletodim a diferentes dosis (0,5X, 1,0X, 1,5X y 2,0X) siendo X la dosis comercial recomendada. En este experimento las dosis de 1,5 y 2,0X de cletodim mostraron un 44 y 17% de control respectivamente, en la población R, mientras que las mismas dosis controlaron en 100% la población S. El segundo experimento se realizó en el 2009, recolectándose directamente en el campo semillas de dos poblaciones de P. annua, una en un sitio con control satisfactorio (S) y la otra de un lote de la misma finca donde el control fue deficiente (R). Las semillas se sembraron en recipientes plásticos según poblaciones y se aplicó cletodim a las dosis de 0, 1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, 16X. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las poblaciones de P. annua en su reacción al cletodim. En la población S se obtuvo mayor porcentaje de control y menos plantas sobrevivientes que la población R. Varias plantas de la población R soportaron hasta dieciséis veces la dosis comercial de cletodim. Los resultados de ambos experimentos sugieren la presencia de poblaciones de P. annua con resistencia a cletodim.

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“…similar to susceptible (S) biotypes (Delyé et al 2004;Isgrigg et al 2002;Vaughn et al 1987). Therefore, pronamide may be an important tool for controlling annual bluegrass with resistance to DNA herbicides and other sites of action in turfgrass.There have been 28 cases of herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass reported worldwide (Heap 2016 glyphosate, sulfonylureas, and triazines used for POST annual bluegrass control in turfgrass (Binkholder et al 2011;Hutto et al 2004;Kelly et al 1999;McElroy et al 2013). A common mechanism of herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass and other weeds is a mutated target-site enzyme or protein (Anthony et al 1998;Cross et al 2015;McElroy et al 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been 28 cases of herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass reported worldwide (Heap 2016 glyphosate, sulfonylureas, and triazines used for POST annual bluegrass control in turfgrass (Binkholder et al 2011;Hutto et al 2004;Kelly et al 1999;McElroy et al 2013). A common mechanism of herbicide resistance in annual bluegrass and other weeds is a mutated target-site enzyme or protein (Anthony et al 1998;Cross et al 2015;McElroy et al 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

First Report of Pronamide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)

McCullough

Czarnota

2016

Weed Sci

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A biotype of annual bluegrass with suspected resistance to pronamide was collected from a golf course in Georgia. The objectives of this research were to determine the level of resistance to pronamide and the mechanisms associated with resistance. From POST applications, the pronamide rate that reduced shoot biomass 50% from the nontreated bluegrass measured >10 times higher for the resistant (R) biotype as compared with susceptible (S) biotypes. The R biotype was not controlled by PRE applications of dithiopyr or prodiamine, but was controlled >92% by PRE applications of pronamide at 0.56 and 1.68 kg ha −1 . Mature plants (3-to 5-tiller) of the R biotype absorbed 32% less [14 C]pronamide than the S biotype after 72 h in hydroponic culture and accumulated 39% less radioactivity per gram basis of dry shoot mass. The R biotype metabolized [ 14 C]pronamide similar to the S biotype, averaging 16% of the extracted radioactivity. The resistance to POST pronamide applications in the R biotype is associated with reduced absorption and translocation compared with the S biotype. Nomenclature: Pronamide (propyzamide); annual bluegrass, Poa annua L. Key words: Absorption, mitotic inhibitor, translocation, turfgrass.Annual bluegrass is a problematic weed in turfgrass. It has a light-green color, coarse leaf texture, and produces unsightly seed heads that reduce turfgrass aesthetics (Beard 1970). Annual bluegrass also has poor tolerance to heat, disease, and traffic stress that may further exacerbate reductions in turfgrass quality (Beard 1970;Lush 1989). The decline of annual bluegrass in late spring reduces turf density and predisposes areas to invasion of summer annual weeds. Practitioners can reduce populations by adjusting turfgrass fertility, modifying irrigation regimens, and collecting mower clippings after annual bluegrass seed head emergence (Gaussoin and Branham 1989;Lush 1989). Cultural practices that promote turfgrass competition with annual bluegrass often do not provide acceptable levels of control, and herbicide use may be warranted.Mitotic inhibitors are widely used for PRE control of annual bluegrass in turf. The dinitroaniline (DNA) herbicides inhibit microtubule polymerization by binding to tubulin that restricts chromosome movement during prometaphase of mitosis and causes isodiametric cell formation (Blume et al. 2003;Murthy et al 1994;Vaughn and Lehnen 1991). Dithiopyr is a mitotic inhibitor used for PRE annual bluegrass control in turf that does not bind to tubulin. Rather, dithiopyr binds to microtubule-associated proteins that shorten microtubules during mitosis (Armbruster et al. 1991;Vaughn and Lehnen 1991). Dithiopyr and the DNA herbicides have limited efficacy for POST annual bluegrass control. Application timing before germination is critical to maximize efficacy of these herbicides for PRE control (Bhowmik and Bingham 1990;Toler et al. 2003Toler et al. , 2007.Pronamide (propyzamide) is a benzamide herbicide that provides PRE and POST annual bluegrass control in warm-season turfgrasses (Isgrigg ...

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Mode of Resistance of Triazine-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)

Cited by 45 publications

References 15 publications

Community-Level Analysis of psbA Gene Sequences and Irgarol Tolerance in Marine Periphyton

Community-Level Analysis of psbA Gene Sequences and Irgarol Tolerance in Marine Periphyton

Determinación de la resistencia al cletodim en Poa annua en Costa Rica.

First Report of Pronamide-Resistant Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua)

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