Model and Simulation of Ion Exchange of Antimony

Cifuentes, Gerardo; Simpson, Jaime; Zúñiga, César; Briones, Leoncio; Morales, Alejandro

doi:10.1002/9781118062111.ch27

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

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“…Even though only the data regarding Sb ions were reported, it is worth mentioning that all copper ions that entered the resin were expected to leave it, whereas a part of the ferric ions has probably been adsorbed by the resin. On another report, Cifuentes et al [96] evaluated the same three ion-exchange resins for treating a Chilean contaminated electrolyte: the authors obtained very similar results on the concentration of Sb that left the resin to those shown in Table 13. Note in the table that the resin UR-3300S behaves very differently from the MX-2 and Duolite C-467, which indicates that the UR-3300S presents greater antimony extraction capacity than the other resins.…”

Section: Clean Electrolyte After Passing Through Ion-exchange Resinsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The blister copper is forwarded to an anode furnace to be converted into an anode plate (~98.5%-99.6% purity). Finally, the anode proceeds to the electrorefining stage, yielding high-purity copper cathodes (~99.99% purity) by electrolysis in a solution of copper sulfate and sulfuric acid [96].…”

Section: Anode Casting: Smelting and Converting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Copper ions migrate from the anode towards the cathode, which is the product of the overall process (99.99% purity). However, some impurities present at the anode, such as As, Sb, Bi, S, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Co, can affect negatively the electrorefining stage as these elements dissolve into the electrolyte [96]. Among them, Sb and Bi cause major concerns since they have standard reduction potentials similar to that of copper [138].…”

Section: Acid Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The widespread use of antimony and bismuth and the growing concerns regarding their scarcity point to the need to recover these metals in the copper electrorefining stage. In Chile, the impurities responsible for the greatest incidence of cathode contamination and operational problems are As and Sb [96]; the concentration of Bi in Chilean electrolytes is usually very low [36,38].…”

Section: Acid Electrolytementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initial concentration (in g/L) of the Chilean contaminated electrolyte treated by Cifuentes et al[96] using ion-exchange resins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Composition Data of the Main Stages of Copper Production from Sulfide Minerals in Chile: A Review to Assist Circular Economy Studies

et al. 2022

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The mining industry has faced significant challenges to maintaining copper production technically, economically, and environmentally viable. Some of the major limitations that must be overcome in the coming years are the copper ore grade decline due to its intense exploitation, the increasing requirements for environmental protection, and the need to expand and construct new tailings dams. Furthermore, the risk of a supply crisis of critical metals, such as antimony and bismuth, has prompted efforts to increase their extraction from secondary resources in copper production. Therefore, improving conventional processes and developing new technologies is crucial to satisfying the world’s metal demands, while respecting the policies of environmental organizations. Hence, it is essential that the chemical composition of each copper production stage is known for conducting these studies, which may be challenging due to the huge variability of concentration data concerning the ore extraction region, the process type, and the operational conditions. This paper presents a review of chemical composition data of the main stages of copper production from sulfide minerals, such as (1) copper minerals, (2) flotation tailings, (3) flotation concentrates, (4) slags and (5) flue dust from the smelting/converting stage, (6) copper anodes, (7) anode slimes, (8) contaminated electrolytes from the electrorefining stage, (9) electrolytes cleaned by ion-exchange resins, and (10) elution solutions from the resins. In addition, the main contributions of recent works on copper production are summarized herein. This study is focused on production sites from Chile since it is responsible for almost one-third of the world’s copper production.

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Section: Clean Electrolyte After Passing Through Ion-exchange Resinsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Anode Casting: Smelting and Converting Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%