Model-based automatic target recognition (ATR) system for forwardlooking groundbased and airborne imaging laser radars (LADAR)

Ground Target Recognition Using Rectangle Estimation

“…1.5 points/m 2 ). In [10,16,30,31], there are typically several hundreds of samples on a target. Typically, the data is collected in a forward-looking perspective, while in [4] and [28] down-looking perspective data is considered.…”

“…Vehicle recognition using laser radar Several ATR methods or systems for recognition of military ground vehicles based on laser radar data have been proposed over the years [4,10,30,31,33,35]. During the last years, also ATR of civilian personal cars, mainly for traf c monitoring, have been proposed [16,28,34].…”

“…The rst step is used to reduce the list of potential targets. Then, the remaining targets are subject to 3D matching with library models, which are represented by CAD models [4,10], some representation generated from CAD models [31,33,35] or 3D scatter data [10,30,34]. The ATR approach [35] is further evaluated in [18].…”

“…In [16,33], both simulated and real data are used. In [30,31,35], the laser sensor works in staring mode, which gives regularly sampled data. Further, in [16,30], data is collected from several views, which results in data that is less selfoccluding.…”

“…Usually the rst step consists of fast feature extraction or silhouette calculations [10,31,33,34]. The feature extraction can retrieve geometrical properties of the target [4], lowerdimensional properties [35] or more abstract features like spin image representation [16,30] (see [20] for description of spin images).…”