“…According to a report released by the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism in 2012, 31.7% of serious traffic accidents involving taxies, trucks, and buses were caused by improper vehicle operation (3) , such as driving at excessive speeds, running stop signs and red lights, making improper turns, and tailgating behaviors which are associated with aggressive driving. Aggressive driving also results in increased fuel consumption, as a result of rapid acceleration and deceleration; approximately 33% higher fuel consumption at highway speeds, and 5% higher when driving in town (4) . Aggressive driving, therefore, creates both safety and resource use issues for automobilebased societies.…”