Model-free daily inversion of NOx emissions using TROPOMI (MCMFE-NOx) and its uncertainty: Declining regulated emissions and growth of new sources

Qin, Kai; Lu, Lingxiao; Liu, Jian; He, Qin; Shi, Jincheng; Deng, Weizhi; Wang, Shuo; Cohen, Jason Blake

doi:10.1016/j.rse.2023.113720

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…This combination led us to determine that the 80th percentile was optimal for subsequent use. Interestingly, using the 80% range of data for EOF1 leads to a map which is highly correlated with known urban, energy extractive, and industrial regions in Xinjiang, Lanzhou, Xi'an, and the Northwestern Energy Triangle found in and between Ningxia, Yulin, and Baotao 70,71 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mie models can approximate various optical properties of aerosols, accounting for the extinction, scattering, absorption, to approximate the mixing state, size, and implied composition of aerosols 71 . This work focuses on using SSA observations as the basis to constrain the MIE model.…”

Section: Mie Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many observational campaigns which have accounted for this over short atmounts of time, limited areas, or around well-documented reiongs of known pollution in heavily populated centers in East and Southeast Asia 46,47,66,67 . This work moves beyond these results, focusing srt on observations from OMI about NO 2 , which have been previously shown to provide an excellent representation of active urbanization and emissions activities at high temporal frequency [68][69][70][71][72] . These non-biased regions ad then sampled over two decades using observations of AOD, AAOD, and SSA exclusively from the MISR satellite 68,73-77 over areas which have not been previously studied in central and northwestern China, but which have undergone a tremendous amount of change in urbanization and energy consumption over the past two decade 78 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remotely Sensed Top-Down Derived Daily BC Over Rapidly Changing Western China shows Significant Decreases in Mass Due to Policy Action, Coupled with Inconsistent Changes in Number, Size, and Mixing Properties

Liu,

Cohen,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Rapid economic and energy growth in Asia has led to change in the loadings of black carbon (BC) the last two decades. This work uses remotely sensed column aerosol absorption (AAOD) to quantify BC loading day-by-day and grid-to-grid. An unbiased set of observations of remotely sensed NOx and variance maximization uniquely quantify the spatial and temporal boundaries of urban, suburban, and rural sources, including those most rapidly increasing energy source regions. An inversely applied probabilistic MIE algorithm constrains the size, mixing state, and number of BC using four spectral observations. Significant differences in the particle size and mixing state are identified and attributed including: a drop around 2012 when China’s national air pollution policies were adopted, a drop ahead of the 2008 Olympics, and flattening from 2015 onward. A case of simultaneous reduction in BC mass and increase in BC number demonstrate PM2.5 controls may not fully control BC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mie Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remotely Sensed Top-Down Derived Daily BC Over Rapidly Changing Western China shows Significant Decreases in Mass Due to Policy Action, Coupled with Inconsistent Changes in Number, Size, and Mixing Properties

Liu,

Cohen,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…TROPOMI and GOSAT have both been shown to be data-rich at times (Butz et al, 2012;Hu et al, 2018;Jacob et al, 2016), but severely limited at other times (Butz et al, 2012;Kuze et al, 2009). Even when these satellites have sufficient data to compute emissions from other species, frequently CH4 cannot be computed (Li et al, 2023;Qin et al, 2023b) due to insufficient signal strength, and uncertainties which are both non-understood and mis-constrained (Povey and Grainger, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Observation Constrained High Frequency Coal Mine Methane Emissions in Shanxi China Reveal More Emissions than Inventories, Consistency with Satellite Inversion

Lu,

Qin,

Cohen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Abstract. This work focuses on Changzhi, Shanxi China, a city and surrounding rural region with one of the highest atmospheric concentrations of methane (CH4) world-wide (campaign-wide minimum/mean/standard deviation/max observations: 2.0, 2.9, 1.3, and 16 ppm) due to a rapid increase in the mining, production, and use of coal over the past decade. An intensive 15-day surface observation campaign of CH4 is used to drive a new analytical, mass-conserving method to compute and attribute CH4 emissions. Observations made in concentric circles at 1 km, 3 km, and 5 km around a high production high gas coal mine yielded emissions of 0.73, 0.28, and 0.15 ppm min-1 respectively. Attribution used a 2-box mass conserving model to identify the known mine’s emissions from 0.042–5.3 ppm min-1, and a previously unidentified mine’s emission from 0.22–7.9 ppm min-1. These results demonstrate the importance of simultaneously quantifying both the spatial and temporal distribution of CH4 to better control regional-scale CH4 emissions. Results of the attribution are used in tandem with observations of boundary layer height to quantify policy-relevant emissions from the two coal mines as 13670±7400 kg h-1 and 5070±2270 kg h-1 respectively. Both mines display a fat tail distribution, with respective 25th, median, and 75th percentile values of [870, 7500, 38700] kg h-1 and [431, 1590, 7000] kg h-1. These findings are demonstrated to be higher than CH4 emissions from equivalent oil and gas operations in the USA, with one about double and the other similar to day-to-day emissions inverted over 5-years using TROPOMI over the same region.

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“…The uncertainties inherent in current aerosol emission databases are particularly pronounced for absorbing aerosols such as biomass burning and dust, which is a focus of the present research. Some literature (Cohen and Wang, 2014;Qin et al, 2023) suggests that the emission values of these absorbing aerosols (Wang et al, 2021) derived from remote sensing (referred to as "top-down" approaches) can be significantly higher, ranging from 2 to 4 times, compared to the "bottom-up" methodologies that are predominantly adopted by entities such as the IPCC and in many modeling studies. In particular, the findings of these top-down methodologies align more consistently with data from sun photometer (e.g., AERONET) (Burton et al, 2012) and lidar networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatological assessment of the vertically resolved optical and microphysical aerosol properties by lidar measurements, sun photometer, and in situ observations over 17 years at Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Barcelona

Lolli,

Sicard,

Amato

et al. 2023

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosols are one of the most important pollutants in the atmosphere and have been monitored for the past few decades by remote sensing and in situ observation platforms to assess the effectiveness of government-managed reduction emission policies and assess their impact on the radiative budget of the Earth's atmosphere. In fact, aerosols can directly modulate incoming short-wave solar radiation and outgoing long-wave radiation and indirectly influence cloud formation, lifetime, and precipitation. In this study, we quantitatively evaluated long-term temporal trends and seasonal variability from a climatological point of view of the optical and microphysical properties of atmospheric particulate matter at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain, over the past 17 years, through a synergy of lidar, sun photometer, and in situ concentration measurements. Interannual temporal changes in aerosol optical and microphysical properties are evaluated through the seasonal Mann–Kendall test. Long-term trends in the optical depth of the recovered aerosol; the Ångström exponent (AE); and the concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 reveal that emission reduction policies implemented in the past decades were effective in improving air quality, with consistent drops in PM concentrations and optical depth of aerosols. The seasonal analysis of the 17-year average vertically resolved aerosol profiles obtained from lidar observations shows that during summer the aerosol layer can be found up to an altitude of 5 km, after a sharp decay in the first kilometer. In contrast, during the other seasons, the backscatter profiles fit a pronounced exponential decay well with a well-defined scale height. Long-range transport, especially dust outbreaks from the Sahara, is likely to occur throughout the year. During winter, the dust aerosol layers are floating above the boundary layer, while during the other seasons they can penetrate the layer. The analysis also revealed that intense, short-duration pollution events during winter, associated with dust outbreaks, have become more frequent and intense since 2016. This study sheds some light on the meteorological processes and conditions that can lead to the formation of haze and helps decision makers adopt mitigation strategies to preserve large metropolitan areas in the Mediterranean basin.

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Model-free daily inversion of NOx emissions using TROPOMI (MCMFE-NOx) and its uncertainty: Declining regulated emissions and growth of new sources

Cited by 15 publications

References 104 publications

Remotely Sensed Top-Down Derived Daily BC Over Rapidly Changing Western China shows Significant Decreases in Mass Due to Policy Action, Coupled with Inconsistent Changes in Number, Size, and Mixing Properties

Remotely Sensed Top-Down Derived Daily BC Over Rapidly Changing Western China shows Significant Decreases in Mass Due to Policy Action, Coupled with Inconsistent Changes in Number, Size, and Mixing Properties

Surface Observation Constrained High Frequency Coal Mine Methane Emissions in Shanxi China Reveal More Emissions than Inventories, Consistency with Satellite Inversion

Climatological assessment of the vertically resolved optical and microphysical aerosol properties by lidar measurements, sun photometer, and in situ observations over 17 years at Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Barcelona

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