Model predictive control of water management in PEMFC

Zhang, Liyan; Pan, Mu; Quan, Shuhai

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.01.088

Cited by 61 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The results showed that if the humidification of the reactant gases is sufficient, the water management would be better for larger porosities of GDLs or a thinner membrane. Zhang et al [135] built a model of water management systems which consist of stack voltage model, water balance equation in anode and cathode, and water transport process in membrane. This model can avoid fluctuation of water concentration in cathode and can extend the lifetime of PEM fuel cell stack.…”

Section: Lumped Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

2009

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At present, despite the great advances in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology over the past two decades through intensive research and development activities, their large-scale commercialization is still hampered by their higher materials cost and lower reliability and durability. In this review, water management is given special consideration. Water management is of vital importance to achieve maximum performance and durability from PEMFCs. On the one hand, to maintain good proton conductivity, the relative humidity of inlet gases is typically held at a large value to ensure that the membrane remains fully hydrated. On the other hand, the pores of the catalyst layer (CL) and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) are frequently flooded by excessive liquid water, resulting in a higher mass transport resistance. Thus, a subtle equilibrium has to be maintained between membrane drying and liquid water flooding to prevent fuel cell degradation and guarantee a high performance level, which is the essential problem of water management. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art studies of water management, including the experimental methods and modeling and simulation for the characterization of water management and the water management strategies. As one important aspect of water management, water flooding has been extensively studied during the last two decades. Herein, the causes, detection, effects on cell performance and mitigation strategies of water flooding are overviewed in detail. In the end of the paper the emphasis is given to: (i) the delicate equilibrium of membrane drying vs. water flooding in water management; (ii) determining which phenomenon is principally responsible for the deterioration of the PEMFC performance, the flooding of the porous electrode or the gas

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Section: Lumped Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Water Management in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells

2009

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“…Step responses due to set-point temperature (upper plot, 80°C to 70°C, lower plot, aooc to gooC) 14 change has a much smaller impact compared to the water content of the gas. Concerning the cathode bubbler (figure 7), the impact is much less dramatic and the gain is of opposite sign.…”

Section: Manipulation Of the Hydration Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to [3]., the current hydration model employs techniques from [4][5][6][7]. For a variety of perspectives on the analysis and design of control systenls for the PEMFC application, please see [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and the references therein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics and control of membrane hydration in a PEMFC

Ahmed

Chmielewski

2009

2009 American Control Conference

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The subject of water 1JUlnagement is a key issue in the design and operation of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC). In this paper we present a dynamic m.odel central to understanding the water management and flooding issue. First we consider membrane hydration and show hOM-· the interplay between electro-osmotic drag and back-diffusion deter-"'ine ionic conductiv;t)~The model ;s then used to identify appropriate manipulated variables for controlling the location and shape of the hydration profile within the membrane.

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“…Model predictive control (MPC) strategies are proposed in Ref. [6] for the water management subsystem and a generalized predictive control is studied in Ref. [7] for the thermal management subsystem of the fuel cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%