Modeling and Analysis of Organic Waste Management Systems in Centralized and Decentralized Supply Chains Using Generalized Disjunctive Programming

Abstract

Although the decentralized and centralized strategies are widely known in today's supply chain realm, few studies have investigated their impacts on the bio-based waste management context. This study aims to formulate a multi-echelon structure for evaluating the influence of these supply chain strategies on optimal utilization of the biomass feedstocks. The proposed supply chain models, connecting the economic, social, and environmental aspects, tend to lower the total system costs, reduce the inadvertent effects of transportation and production processes, and respond to dynamic demands. The optimization problem is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming model using generalized disjunctive programming to select the most robust integrated supply chain strategy. The results indicate that, although the centralized model leads to higher investment and operating costs than the decentralized model, centralization is still a more profitable alternative, as well as being capable of the production of a broader portfolio of bio-based products.

Flexible Robust Optimization Planning of Wastewater–Energy Nexus-Based Biofuel Network Design under Cultivation Rate and Climate Change Uncertainty

“…However, since these sources are finite, take a long time to renew, contribute to environmental pollution, and affect global climate, societies have sought out alternative renewable energy sources, such as biomass. 1,2 While producing fuel from these materials has been cost-effective in many regions, concerns have risen due to their use of edible crops, impacting food security. 3 Consequently, nonfood sources, particularly Jatropha seeds and microalgae, have gained attention as the second and third generations of biofuels due to their high energy content.…”

“…From ancient times, humans have relied on a variety of energy sources, including significant ones such as oil and coal. However, since these sources are finite, take a long time to renew, contribute to environmental pollution, and affect global climate, societies have sought out alternative renewable energy sources, such as biomass. , While producing fuel from these materials has been cost-effective in many regions, concerns have risen due to their use of edible crops, impacting food security . Consequently, nonfood sources, particularly Jatropha seeds and microalgae, have gained attention as the second and third generations of biofuels due to their high energy content. , A comprehensive approach is necessary for various procedures, such as the collection of nonedible biomass and the production of bioenergy, to achieve efficiency in material, information, and financial flows, enabling well-informed and integrated decisions .…”