Modeling and data assessment of longitudinal salinity in a low-gradient estuarine river

Bacopoulos, Peter; Kubatko, Ethan J.; Hagen, Scott C.; Cox, Andrew T.; Mulamba, Teddy

doi:10.1007/s10652-016-9486-8

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Our results are generally consistent with past modeling efforts. The large effect of fluvial forcing is consistent with Bacopoulos, Kubatko, et al., 2017, Bacopoulos, Tang, et al., 2017, who found that run‐off from Tropical Storm Fay (2008) added ∼0.5 m to the simulated storm tide. Similarly, modeling has suggested that the stormtide (surge + tides) measured in/near the shipping channel during a 100 year event would increase by up to 0.2 m, after deepening from 12.2 to 14.3 m (40–47 ft.; USACE, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The slightly larger Manning coefficient historically may reflect larger sub‐gridscale roughness (e.g., sand dunes and other bathymetric variation), or may account for uncertainty in the historical bathymetric measurements. Conversely, salinity stratification within the modern system (e.g., Bacopoulos, Kubatko, et al., 2017; Bellino & Spechler, 2013) may also reduce the effective, depth‐averaged frictional effect, as has also been observed at other locations (Giese & Jay, 1989). The RMSE in the historical configuration only increases to 0.036 m from 0.025 m when the Manning's n is decreased from n = 0.025 s/m 1/3 to n = 0.02 s/m 1/3 (see also Figures below).…”

Section: Setting and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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The Influence of Channel Deepening on Tides, River Discharge Effects, and Storm Surge

2021

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Shipping channels in many estuaries around the world have been deepened by a factor of two or more since the mid-19th century, with deep-draft ships requiring increasingly wide and deep shipping channels (e.g., . At the same time, channelization, reclamation, and diking has often reduced connectivity to wetlands and reduced estuary width. Consequences include increased salinity intrusion (e.g., , altered tidal velocities (e.g., Pareja-Roman et al., 2020) and an upstream movement of the estuary turbidity maximum (see review by Burchard et al., 2018, and references therein). Reduced frictional resistance in a deeper channel leads to reduced damping of long-wave energy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Setting and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Influence of Channel Deepening on Tides, River Discharge Effects, and Storm Surge

2021

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“…Additionally, previous research has shown that DG-SWEM may require 6-9 months of simulation time for the modeled salinity field to achieve dynamic equilibrium and not be sensitive to the initial conditions (Mulamba et al, 2019). Nonetheless, this RMSE is within reasonable error bounds based on previous work (Bacopoulos et al, 2017;Mulamba et al, 2019). Calibration of input parameters to achieve reduced errors was not performed in order to avoid "tuning" the model to a specific time period.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Modeling the effects of large-scale interior headland restoration on tidal hydrodynamics and salinity transport in an open coast, marine-dominant estuary

et al. 2023

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The effects of large-scale interior headland restoration on tidal hydrodynamics and salinity transport in an open coast, marine dominant estuary (Grand Bay, Alabama, U.S.A) are investigated using a two-dimensional model, the Discontinuous-Galerkin Shallow Water Equations Model (DG-SWEM). Three restoration alternatives are simulated for present-day conditions, as well as under 0.5 m of sea level rise (SLR). Model results show that the restoration alternatives have no impact on tidal range within the estuary but change maximum tidal velocities by ±5 cm/s in the present-day scenarios and by ±7 cm/s in the scenarios with 0.5 m of SLR. Differences in average salinity concentrations for simulated tropical and frontal seasons show increases and decreases on the order of 2 pss in the embayments surrounding the restoration alternatives; differences were larger (on the order of ±4 pss) for the scenarios with 0.5 m of SLR. There were minimal changes in average salinity outside of the estuary and no changes offshore. The size and position of the alternatives played a role in the salinity response as a result of changing the estuarine shoreline geometry and affecting the fetch within the bay. SLR was more impactful in increasing exposure to low salinity values (i.e., less than 5 pss) than the presence of the restoration alternatives. Overall, the modeled results indicate that these large-scale restoration actions have limited and localized impacts on the hydrodynamics and salinity patterns in this open coast estuary. The results also demonstrate the nonlinear response of salinity to SLR, with increases and decreases in the maximum, mean and minimum daily salinity concentrations from present-day conditions. This nonlinear response was a result of changes in the directions of the residual currents, which affected salinity transport.

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Automatic, unstructured mesh optimization for simulation and assessment of tide- and surge-driven hydrodynamics in a longitudinal estuary: St. Johns River

Bacopoulos¹

2018

Ocean Dynamics

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Modeling and data assessment of longitudinal salinity in a low-gradient estuarine river

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

The Influence of Channel Deepening on Tides, River Discharge Effects, and Storm Surge

The Influence of Channel Deepening on Tides, River Discharge Effects, and Storm Surge

Modeling the effects of large-scale interior headland restoration on tidal hydrodynamics and salinity transport in an open coast, marine-dominant estuary

Automatic, unstructured mesh optimization for simulation and assessment of tide- and surge-driven hydrodynamics in a longitudinal estuary: St. Johns River

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