Modeling and Design of a Solar-Assisted High-Performance Direct Contact Membrane Distillation System

Ghaleni, Mahdi Mohammadi; Balushi, Abdullah Al; Bavarian, Mona; Nejati, Siamak

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64241-7.50315-3

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising candidate for desalination of seawater and brackish water contaminated with oil. ,,, In a typical direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process, a hydrophobic membrane acts as a physical barrier between the feed (hot saline water) and a cold distillate stream, allowing water vapor to diffuse through the porous domains but hindering water from passing through. The driving force in MD is the gradient of water vapor pressure induced by the temperature difference across the membrane. , Compared with other desalination methods, such as reverse osmosis (RO), MD can provide a theoretical, nonselective, 100% rejection value for nonvolatile species. − Additionally, the transmembrane mass transfer in MD is not sensitive to water salinity. , MD can be coupled with affordable energy resources (e.g., solar and waste heat) because of its low temperature (50–80 °C) requirement. ,− Also, compared to the pressure-driven processes such as RO, the low-pressure requirement in MD (atmospheric pressure) reduces the fouling propensity of the membranes. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The driving force in MD is the gradient of water vapor pressure induced by the temperature difference across the membrane. 4,13 Compared with other desalination methods, such as reverse osmosis (RO), MD can provide a theoretical, nonselective, 100% rejection value for nonvolatile species. 14−16 Additionally, the transmembrane mass transfer in MD is not sensitive to water salinity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication of Janus Membranes for Desalination of Oil-Contaminated Saline Water

Ghaleni

Balushi

Kaviani

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Desalination of oil-contaminated saline water using membrane distillation requires hydrophobic membranes with underwater superoleophobic surfaces. For designing such membranes, the chemistry and morphology of the interfacial domains in contact with the contaminated water need to be adjusted such that a stable water layer, adhering to the surface, prevents oil droplets from wetting the membrane. In this article, we present an approach that relies on the controlled functionalization of the surface of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes; we adjust the surface topography of the membranes and introduce chemical heterogeneity to them. We show that the morphology of the PVDF surface can be altered by adjusting the composition of the nonsolvent bath used for the phase inversion process. Also, we render the surface of the membranes hydrophilic by using an alkaline chemical bath solution. The membrane morphology and effectiveness of our chemical treatment were confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and zeta potential measurements. A stable underwater contact angle, higher than 150°, was observed for both canola oil (ρ ≈ 0.913 g cm −3 , γ ≈ 31.5 mN m −1 ) and hexane (ρ ≈ 0.655 g cm −3 , γ ≈ 18 mN m −1 ). We evaluated the performance of both pristine and functionalized membranes in a laboratory-scale direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) setup and desalinated a saline solution contaminated with 500 ppm canola oil. Our results show that oil does not wet the functionalized membrane during the desalination process. The average permeate flux and salt rejection values for the functionalized membranes were 45 ± 5 Lm -2 h -1 (T feed = 70 °C, T distillate = 20 °C) and 99.99%, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of Janus Membranes for Desalination of Oil-Contaminated Saline Water

Ghaleni

Balushi

Kaviani

et al. 2018

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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show abstract

“…where J is permeate flux (kg/ m 2 s), ℎ 𝑓𝑔 is the latent heat of vaporization (J/kg), 𝑘 𝑚 is the effective membrane conductivity (W/mK), and 𝛿 𝑚 is the membrane thickness (m). The thermal conductivity of the membrane can be calculated as [27]:…”

Section: Transport Phenomena In Dcmdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Buckingham Pi theorem and multiple regression analysis in scaling up direct contact membrane distillation processes

et al. 2022

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Investigations on the effect of spacer in direct contact and air gap membrane distillation using computational fluid dynamics

Yadav

Singh

Patel

et al. 2022

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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Modeling and Design of a Solar-Assisted High-Performance Direct Contact Membrane Distillation System

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Fabrication of Janus Membranes for Desalination of Oil-Contaminated Saline Water

Fabrication of Janus Membranes for Desalination of Oil-Contaminated Saline Water

Utilizing Buckingham Pi theorem and multiple regression analysis in scaling up direct contact membrane distillation processes

Investigations on the effect of spacer in direct contact and air gap membrane distillation using computational fluid dynamics

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