Modeling and optimization of turbulent flow through PEM fuel cell cooling channels filled with metal foam- a comparison of water and air cooling systems

Saeedan, Mehdi; Afshari, Ebrahim; Ziaei‐Rad, Masoud

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115486

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The value of generated heat flux for one cell is assumed to be 1625 W/m 2 [8] and three different heat fluxes (1625, 3250, and 4875 W/m 2 ) are used in the parametric studies. Also, the generated heat flux value of each cell at any working voltage can be calculated from the polarization curve by the following equation (1) [34]:

\begin{equation}{q^{\prime\prime}_i} = \left( {1.23 - {V_i}} \right)\;i \end{equation}

where

q^{\prime\prime}

is the generated heat flux, 1.23 is the open circuit voltage of a cell, V is the nominal voltage of a cell, and i is the cell current density. Here, the nominal cell voltage ( V ) is selected as 0.6 V.…”

Section: Geometric Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geometric Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Channel to rib width ratio effect on thermal performance of cooling plate in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Acar

2022

Fuel Cells

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Ensuring a homogeneous temperature distribution inside a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stack is crucial to fuel cell performance and durability, and cooling channels are responsible for this. In this study, a three‐dimensional numerical investigation is performed on a channel to rib width ratio (CR) based on serpentine flow field design. The cooling performance of various designs having different CR values is considered and compared according to the temperature uniformity index, the temperature difference between the maximum and minimum temperature, average bottom temperature, and pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the cooling channels. Results demonstrate that the average temperature, temperature uniformity index, temperature difference, and pressure drop decrease by about 5%, 40%, 37%, and 79%, respectively, when CR is increased from 0.33 to 3.00. More uniform temperature distribution and thus, better cooling performance is achieved for CR = 3.00, especially at low Reynolds numbers and high heat fluxes. Also, the lowest pressure drops are obtained when CR is 3.00 under all considered operating conditions.

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\begin{equation}{q^{\prime\prime}_i} = \left( {1.23 - {V_i}} \right)\;i \end{equation}

where

q^{\prime\prime}

Section: Geometric Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geometric Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Channel to rib width ratio effect on thermal performance of cooling plate in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Acar

2022

Fuel Cells

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“…Porous metal foam structures with high specific surface area, high permeability properties and high mechanical strength are being explored as an alternative material to conventional heat exchangers. In the field of heat transfer [13][14][15][16], metal foam holds great promise for applications in multifunctional heat exchangers [17][18][19], cooling systems [20][21][22][23], highpower batteries, compact electronic heat sinks [23][24][25][26][27][28] and so on. Porous metal foam can significantly reduce the size and mass of equipment when used in heat transfer equipment due to their light mass and low density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Heat Transfer in Electronic Radiator Filled with Metal Foam

et al. 2023

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The performance of an electronic radiator filled with metal foam with a porosity of 96% was studied. The effect of the factors including the flow rates, the pores per linear inch (PPI) and the numbers of fins was analyzed. The results show that the electronic radiator with metal foam reflects a stronger ability of the heat transfer compared to the electronic radiator without metal foam. With the increase in the flow rate between 10 L/h and 60 L/h, the heat transfer coefficient of both of the two electronic radiators will be improved, but it is also dependent on the number of fins. In this study, we find that the heat transfer coefficient first increases and then decreases with the number of fins. The optimum number is three. As for the effect of the PPI, the higher the PPI, the larger the heat transfer coefficient, while the pressure drop always increases with the flow rates’ increase, the pores per linear inch (PPI) and the numbers of fins.

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“…Due to their enhanced capacity to withstand impurities [1], simplified water management [2], and more convenient heat rejection [3] relative to low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (LT-PEMFCs), HT-PEMFCs present substantial advantages for future commercialization. LT-PEMFCs typically operate from 60 to 80 • C [4], and HT-PEMFCs generally operate within 120 to 200 • C [5]. Numerous studies have been undertaken to enhance their performance through various properties, including durability [6][7][8], corrosion [9,10], degradation [11][12][13], and lifetime [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Objective Assessment and Optimization of a High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: Steady-State Analysis

Zhong,

Araya,

Liso

et al. 2023

Energies

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The design and operational conditions of high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) substantially impact their performance. This model aims to investigate the influence of various parameters on the performance of HT-PEMFC. A comprehensive examination revealed that the performance of HT-PEMFC experienced a significant enhancement through modifications to the operating temperature, doping levels, and membrane thickness. Significantly, it can be observed that operating pressure showed a limited influence on performance. The HT-PEMFC was optimized using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), specifically emphasizing three primary performance indicators: equivalent power density, energy efficiency, and exergy efficiency. The findings demonstrate promising outcomes, as they reveal a noteworthy enhancement in power density by 17.72% and improvements in energy efficiency and exergy efficiency by 21.11% and 10.37%, respectively, compared to the baseline case.

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Modeling and optimization of turbulent flow through PEM fuel cell cooling channels filled with metal foam- a comparison of water and air cooling systems

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Channel to rib width ratio effect on thermal performance of cooling plate in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Channel to rib width ratio effect on thermal performance of cooling plate in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

Analysis of the Heat Transfer in Electronic Radiator Filled with Metal Foam

Multi-Objective Assessment and Optimization of a High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell: Steady-State Analysis

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