Modeling and Simulation of an Electric Arc Furnace Process.

Bekker, James; Craig, I.K.; Pistorius, Petrus Christiaan

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.39.23

Cited by 110 publications

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“…Some of the values, such as: m EAF , A 1 , A 2 , d 1 , d 2 , T water and T H2O-in are EAF specific, while others can be obtained from different handbooks and papers studying heat-transfer processes.…”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When examining the literature, some papers that propose different approaches to the modeling of the mass transfer and/or thermal processes in the EAF already exist, from simplified and more complex general heat-and mass-transfer models 2,3) to a more focused analysis of different heat submodels. 4,5) The idea of the model presented in this paper was derived from the papers of Bekker 2) and MacRosty; 3) however, the model proposed by Bekker is oversimplified for the needs of our study, while the model proposed by MacRosty either describes differently or does not address some issues on the radiative and conductive heat transfer between the steel, the slag and the gas zones and the CO postcombustion, which are in our opinion also important for the overall accuracy of the model. Therefore, a more complex model, taking into account additional relations and eliminating the deficiencies of the previously mentioned models is proposed in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) ε 1 , ε 2 , ε 3 and ε 4 were obtained from; 19) H2O , C p,roof and C p,wall were obtained from; 2,20,21) λ sSc and λ sSl were obtained from, 12) K therm4 , K therm7 and K therm8 were obtained from approximate heat transfer coefficients for steel and slag 7,9,10) normalized to the specific EAF properties (dimensions), while K water1 , K water2 , K water3 , K water4 and K water5 were obtained from approximate heat transfer coefficients for furnace walls 7) normalized to the specific EAF dimensions. …”

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and Validation of an Electric Arc Furnace: Part 1, Heat and Mass Transfer

2012

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The following paper presents an approach to the mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer processes in a 3-phase, 80 MVA AC, electric arc furnace (EAF) and represents a continuation of our work on modeling the electric and hydraulic EAF processes. This paper represents part 1 of the complete model and addresses issues on modeling the mass, temperature and energy processes in the EAF, while part 2 of the paper focuses solely on the issues related to the thermo-chemical relations and reactions in the EAF. As is generally known, the chemical, thermal and mass processes in an EAF are related to each other and cannot be studied completely separately; therefore, the work presented in part 1 and part 2 is related to each other accordingly and should be considered as a whole. The presented sub-models were obtained in accordance with different mathematical and thermo-dynamic laws, with the parameters fitted both experimentally, using the measured operational data of an EAF during different periods of the melting process, and theoretically, using the conclusions of different studies involved in EAF modeling. In conjunction with the already presented electrical and hydraulic models of the EAF, the heat-, mass-and energy-transfer models proposed in this work represent a complete EAF model, which can be further used for the initial aims of our study, i.e., optimization of the energy consumption and development of the operator-training simulator. The presented results show high levels of similarity with both the measured operational data and the theoretical data available in different EAF studies, from which we can conclude that the presented EAF model is developed in accordance with both fundamental laws of thermodynamics and the practical aspects regarding EAF operation.

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Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Appendixmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and Validation of an Electric Arc Furnace: Part 1, Heat and Mass Transfer

2012

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“…Naskah yang masuk akan diperiksa unsur plagiasinya menggunakan Google Scholar. Mediaini hanya menerima artikel-artikel yang berasal dari hasil-hasil penelitian asli (prioritas utama), dan artikel ulasan ilmiah yang bersifat baru (tidak prioritas) (Bekker et al, 1999;Bezuidenhout et al, 2009). Keputusan diterima atau tidaknya suatu artikel ilmiah di media ini menjadi hak dari Ketua Dewan Redaksi berdasarkan atas rekomendasi dari Evaluator (Bhaktavatsalam & Choudhury, 1995).…”

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Suprapti¹

2017

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Profil pertumbuhan, enzimatis, dan nutrisi ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos) generasi kedua (G-2) terseleksi dengan menerapkan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) pemeliharaan larva Media Akuakultur 12 (2), 2017,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] Isu nasional menurunnya produksi budidaya ikan bandeng di tambak pantai utara Pulau Jawa didugasebagai akibat rendahnya kualitas benih produk Hatchery Skala Rumah Tangga (HSRT) di Bali, yang secara kontinu merupakan sumber utama pasok benih. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas benih, antara lain kualitas telur dan induk, serta manajemen pemeliharaan induk dan larva. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi performa pertumbuhan,aktivitas enzim pencernaan dan nutrisi benih ikan bandeng dari HSRT dan generasi kedua (G2) terseleksi yang dipelihara berdasarkan standar operasional prosedur. Penelitian dilakukan di tambak Pejarakan, dengan hewan uji benih produk HSRT dan benih generasi ke-2 (G-2) terseleksi dengan panjang total rata-rata 11,79 ± 1,64 mm, masing-masing dengan padat tebar 5.000 ekor/petak dengan luasan 0,5 Ha/petak, diberi pakan jenis pelet kering berkadar protein 25 % dan dipelihara selama 6 bulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan performa benih ikan bandeng dipengaruhi oleh sumber induk dan manajemen pemeliharaan saat larva. Pertumbuhan benih ikan bandeng asal HSRT dengan SOP pemeliharaan larva menunjukkan peningkatan laju pertumbuhan panjang dan bobot sebesar 10,11% dan 47,18% lebih tinggi dibandingkan benih G2-terseleksi, dan 13,82% dan 50,55% lebih tinggi dibandingkan benih HSRT tanpa SOP. Aktivitas enzimatis pada benih HSRT dengan SOP lebih efisien dibandingkan benih G2-terseleksi. Aktivitas enzimatis pada benih HSRT tanpa SOP adalah yang paling rendah dimana hal ini terlihat dari laju pertumbuhannya yang juga paling rendah. Benih HSRT yang dipelihara dengan SOP mampu menekan rasio konversi pakan sebesar 28,29% lebih rendah dibandingkan benih G2-terseleksi, dan 22,64% dibandingkan benih HSRT yang dipelihara tanpa SOP. Ikan uceng (Nemacheilus fasciatus) merupakan salah satu spesies ikan air tawar di Indonesia dengan nilai ekonomi cukup tinggi yang ketersediaannya masih mengandalkan penangkapan di alam, sehingga diperlukan upaya domestikasi untuk menjaga kelestariannya. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengamati biologi reproduksi dan pola pertumbuhan ikan uceng di lingkungan buatan (akuarium). Ikan uceng hasil tangkapan alam dari Sungai Progo, Temanggung, Jawa Tengah (panjang total 5,55 ± 0,53 cm; bobot 2,49 ± 0,24 g) diadaptasikan selama 12 bulan di akuarium (40 cm × 30 cm × 30 cm) dengan sistem air mengalir yang dilengkapi dengan aerator. Ikan uceng diberi Tubifex, hingga sampai akhirnya dapat beradaptasi dengan pakan komersial. Pakan komersial yang diberikan yaitu sebesar 3% per hari dari biomassa tubuh dengan frekuensi dua kali sehari. Data biologi reproduksi diperoleh melalui koleksi data panjang total, bobot badan, bobot gonad, fekunditas, diameter telur, dan indeks kematangan gonad. Data pola pertumbuhan diperoleh dengan koleksi ...

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“…Manuscript received will be examined plagiasinya element using Google Scholar. This journal only accept articles that come from the results of original research (top priority), and article reviews recent scientific nature (non-priority) (Bekker et al, 1999;Bezuidenhout et al, 2009). Decision admissibility of a scientific article in this journal the rights of the Chairman of the Editorial Board based on the recommendations of the evaluator (Bhaktavatsalam & Choudhury, 1995).…”

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confidence: 99%

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2017

Indonesian Aquaculture Journal

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Barb (Barbonymus balleroides) considerably has economic potential as aquaculture commodity. However, there was still lack of development on aquaculture for this species. This study was conducted to observe the effect of different stocking density on growth of barb. The fish (body weight: 14.89 ± 0.13 g) were stocked in nine floating nets (dimension: 2 m x 2 m x 1 m) inside the ponds with three stocking density treatments (10, 15, and 20 fish/m 3 ). Each treatment consisted of three replications. Fish were fed on commercial pellet (30% of crude protein) as much as 3% of the biomass per day with twice a day of feeding frequency. Data of growth performances (body weight, specific growth rate, average daily growth, biomass, food conversion ratio, and survival rate) were collected every 30 days during 90 days of rearing period. Water quality variables (temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen) were observed during experiment. The results showed that the optimal stocking density for the growth of barb was 10 fish/m 3 . Best value of food conversion ratio was found 10 fish/m 3 compared with 15 and 20 fish/m 3 (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences on survival rate between treatments. These results also showed the potential of rearing barb on culture ponds with appropriate stocking density. Identification of SNP spesific marker for crustacean hyperglycemic hormone gene: a somatic growth-related in giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii Indonesian Aquaculture Journal, 12 (1), 2017, 7-13 High size variation of giant freshwater prawn was found in harvest and resulting in low productivity. Marker assisted selection may be useful to generate broodstock that produces progeny with high growth and homogeneity. This study was conducted to obtain growth related molecular marker in giant freshwater prawn. Genomic DNA was extracted from swimming leg (pleiopods) of 201 giant freshwater prawns, consisted of 129 fast-growth (FG) with 16.06 ± 2.48 g body weight and 72 slow-growth (SG) with 6.05 ± 0.90 g body weight. Oligonucleotide primers were designed according to Gene Bank database of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) gene sequence. The amplified DNA fragment was then sequenced. The results of sequencing showed there was one base different in nucleotides of FG and SG prawns. Six set of primers were designed based on those CH gene sequence. PCR analysis resulted one set of primers which showed a specific amplification product of 280 bp for growth. The result of sequence analysis using the basic local alignment search tools showed that the nucleotide sequence of those PCR products had similarity of 99%-100% with CHH gen of M. rosenbergii. Thus, a candidate of growth related molecular marker have been identified for giant freshwater prawn. In fish culture, optimal growth could be influenced by various culture methods. Aim of the study was to evaluate the productivity of Barbonymus balleroides, lalawak in floating net cages, concrete ponds, and earthen ponds. Cultivation was designed with the c...

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Modeling and Simulation of an Electric Arc Furnace Process.

Cited by 110 publications

References 1 publication

Modeling and Validation of an Electric Arc Furnace: Part 1, Heat and Mass Transfer

Modeling and Validation of an Electric Arc Furnace: Part 1, Heat and Mass Transfer

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