Some grid economic dispatch optimization methods have the problem of high consumption costs. To improve this shortcoming, an adaptive particle swarm algorithm-based grid economic dispatch optimization method is designed. Obtaining grid operating costs, operate in maximum power point tracking mode, adopt full grid acquisition, calculate daily fixed investment costs for the grid, construct a two-level planning mathematical model, adjust battery output and design an economic dispatch optimisation method based on an adaptive particle swarm algorithm. Experimental results: The mean values of maintenance cost, fuel cost and environmental management cost of the grid economic dispatch optimisation method in the paper are: RMB 49.193, RMB 104.488 and RMB 310.045 respectively, indicating that the designed grid economic dispatch optimisation method is more effective after making full use of the adaptive particle swarm algorithm.