Modeling and simulation of the effective strength of hybrid polymer composites reinforced by carbon and steel fibers

Utzig, Lukas; Klug, Christian; Rehra, Jan; Hannemann, Benedikt; Schmeer, Sebastian

doi:10.1007/s10853-017-1512-9

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…According to the theories of continuum mechanics, to derive mechanical properties of structures, methods such as averaging stresses, σ ij and strains ε ij over the RVE total volume, V can be considered to obtain the stress-strain curve. [63,64]…”

Section: Homogenizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the theories of continuum mechanics, to derive mechanical properties of structures, methods such as averaging stresses,

σ_{italicij}

and strains

ε_{italicij}

over the RVE total volume,

V

can be considered to obtain the stress–strain curve. [ 63,64 ]

{\overset{σ}{true}}_{italicij} = \frac{1}{V} \int_{V} σ_{italicij} dV = \frac{1}{V} \sum_{k = 1}^{N} σ_{italicij}^{k} V^{k}

{\overset{ε}{true}}_{italicij} = \frac{1}{V} \int_{V} ε_{italicij} dV = \frac{1}{V} \sum_{k = 1}^{N} ε_{italicij}^{k} V^{k}

The parameter

N

denotes the total number of elements in the RVE. The volume averaged stress was used to evaluate the maximum tensile stress.…”

Section: Micromechanical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and multi‐scale finite element modeling for evaluating healing efficiency of electro‐sprayed microcapsule based glass fiber‐reinforced polymer composites

et al. 2022

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Microcapsule based glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites have attracted enormous attention due to enhancement of structures' longevity, reducing expenses, and simplicity of fabrication process. In this study, a micromechanical model of a woven E‐glass/epoxy composite containing microcapsules was developed based on finite element analysis (FEA). Modified sequential adsorption algorithm was chosen to generate and disperse microcapsules in three types of representative volume elements (RVEs). Also, mechanical properties of microcapsules and composite were assigned based on nanoindentation tests and standard experimental tests, respectively. Eventually, multi‐scaling method was implemented to homogenize maximum tensile stress, and subsequent evaluation of tensile after impact (TAI) healing efficiency. Therefore, a healing efficiency of 71% was obtained based on three types of simulations encompassing low‐velocity impact (LVI) and quasi‐static tensile tests on the RVEs. In order to validate the results; first, an electrospraying set‐up was exploited to fabricate multicore microcapsules. The fabricated microcapsules contained mercaptan hardener and epoxy resin as the healing agents, and they were covered by alginate shell. Second, incorporated composite specimens with microcapsules were fabricated via the hand‐layup method. The average TAI healing efficiency of 67% was achieved by experimental tests. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope images of the fractured surfaces confirmed rupture of microcapsules in the LVI test.

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Section: Homogenizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the theories of continuum mechanics, to derive mechanical properties of structures, methods such as averaging stresses,

σ_{italicij}

and strains

ε_{italicij}

over the RVE total volume,

V

can be considered to obtain the stress–strain curve. [ 63,64 ]

{\overset{σ}{true}}_{italicij} = \frac{1}{V} \int_{V} σ_{italicij} dV = \frac{1}{V} \sum_{k = 1}^{N} σ_{italicij}^{k} V^{k}

{\overset{ε}{true}}_{italicij} = \frac{1}{V} \int_{V} ε_{italicij} dV = \frac{1}{V} \sum_{k = 1}^{N} ε_{italicij}^{k} V^{k}

The parameter

N

denotes the total number of elements in the RVE. The volume averaged stress was used to evaluate the maximum tensile stress.…”

Section: Micromechanical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and multi‐scale finite element modeling for evaluating healing efficiency of electro‐sprayed microcapsule based glass fiber‐reinforced polymer composites

et al. 2022

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“…To reduce laborious experimental work, several numerical models have been developed and validated. Utzig et al 6 did mathematical modeling and simulative study of effective strength for composite reinforced by steel and carbon fiber. Representative volume element (RVE) model was made for fiber-fiber-reinforced composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro-mechanical analysis of the pineapple-reinforced polymeric composite by the inclusion of pineapple leaf particulates

Saha

Kumar

Zindani

et al. 2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L:

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The present study is focused on investigating the effect of the micro-mechanical properties of the natural fiber- (pineapple leaf fiber) reinforced polymeric composites by the addition of pineapple leaf micro-particulates. For the investigation, a two-step approach has been used. In the first step, finite element method-based analysis has been used to characterize the tensile and shear properties of the pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (FRP) and pineapple paticulate-reinforced polymeric composites (PRC), and the adopted finite element method-based analysis has been validated through the experimental approach. In the second step, the validated finite element method-based analysis has been used to characterize the micro-mechanical properties of the hybrid fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (HFRP) fabricated using the pineapple leaf micro-particle embedded epoxy as a matrix material and the pineapple leaf fiber has been used as reinforcing material. It has been observed through the analysis that the micro-mechanical properties of HFRP were superior to that of FRP. There has been a 10.16% increment in Young’s modulus in the longitudinal direction and a 26.36% increment in Young’s modulus in the transverse direction for HFRP over FRP. Further, a 9.91% increment for in-plane shear modulus and 26.17% increment in outer-plane shear modulus have been observed for HFRP in comparison to FRP. These results suggest that pineapple leaf particulates are good reinforcing materials to enhance the transverse direction and outer plane micro-mechanical properties of the fiber-reinforced composite.

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“…By contrast, under tensile load, CFRP fails singularly, causing considerable drawbacks regarding structural integrity (disintegration of the material) and crashworthiness. [11,12] However, such analysis requires very fine meshing, hence computational effort and is, therefore, limited to small volumes. An approach to face this brittle failure behavior of thermoset CFRP under tensile load comprises the integration of highly ductile continuous steel fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach for an Analytical Description of the Failure Evolution of Continuous Steel and Carbon Fiber Hybrid Composites

et al. 2018

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The integration of ductile continuous steel fibers into thermoset carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) enables significant enhancements of its damage tolerance and crashworthiness. Due to their high strain at failure, the embedded steel fibers provide alternative load paths after failure of the brittle carbon fibers. The resulting post damage performance of the hybrid composite depends on the proportions of the different types of reinforcing fibers, their individual properties, the laminate architecture, and particularly on the steel fiber resin adhesion. So far, common constitutive laws for fiber reinforced composites have very limited suitability for the complex interrelation between the nonlinear plastic behavior of steel fibers and the elastic behavior of the carbon fibers. For this reason, a novel analytical method is developed to predict the failure performance of fiber hybrid composites. In principle, the analytical approach is based on a structural dynamic analysis of the fracture gap formation during failure and thus unloading of the brittle carbon fibers. The present paper covers the derivation of this analytical approach and its exemplary application to a steel and carbon fiber reinforced hybrid composite. A final comparison with an experimentally obtained stressstrain curve validates the theoretical model introduced.

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Modeling and simulation of the effective strength of hybrid polymer composites reinforced by carbon and steel fibers

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Experimental and multi‐scale finite element modeling for evaluating healing efficiency of electro‐sprayed microcapsule based glass fiber‐reinforced polymer composites

Experimental and multi‐scale finite element modeling for evaluating healing efficiency of electro‐sprayed microcapsule based glass fiber‐reinforced polymer composites

Micro-mechanical analysis of the pineapple-reinforced polymeric composite by the inclusion of pineapple leaf particulates

Approach for an Analytical Description of the Failure Evolution of Continuous Steel and Carbon Fiber Hybrid Composites

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