Modeling and simulation of the Tokyo urban heat island

Saitoh, Takeo S.; Shimada, Tatsuya; Hoshi, Hideo

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00489-0

Cited by 168 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Kimura and Takahashi (1991) described the first realistic three-dimensional simulations of the environment around Tokyo, which incorporated detailed maps of land-use category and anthropogenic heat emissions to represent urban surfaces. Other studies followed (Kondo 1995;Saitoh et al 1996;Ichinose et al 1999;Kusaka et al 2000;Kanda et al 2001). Similar threedimensional numerical simulations or data analyses have examined the interaction between UHI and local circulations in other cities: Nagoya (Kitada et al 1998), Hong Kong (Liu et al 2001;Tong et al 2005), and Wroclaw (Szymanowski 2005).…”

Section: B Interaction With Mesoscale Circulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the studies implicitly express the city by assigning modified land surface parameters such as albedo, moisture availability, roughness, and thermal storage (e.g., Myrup 1969;Atwater 1972;Hjelmfelt 1982;Byun and Arya 1990;Tso et al 1990Tso et al , 1991Sailor 1995;Taha 1996Taha , 1997Taha , 1999Chen et al 1997;Sugawara et al 2001;Liu et al 2006). Some realistic three-dimensional numerical simulations include anthropogenic heat emissions (Kimura and Takahashi 1991;Saitoh et al 1996;Ichinose et al 1999;Kanda et al 2001;Khan and Simpson 2001;GrossmanClarke et al 2005;Makar et al 2006). Section 4a describes recent trends in numerical works.…”

Section: A Urban Atmospheric Boundary Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in Urban Meteorology :A Review

Kanda

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

101

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This paper reviews the progress made in urban meteorology over the past few decades. The focus is on the impact of urban surfaces on the overlying atmosphere along the conventional meteorological frameworks. Section 1 details the difficulties in generalizing urban surfaces in a meteorological sense because of surface diversity, and considers whether conventional similarity law is applicable. Section 2 describes the characteristics of urban surfaces as the bottom boundary of the atmosphere and includes a discussion of land surface parameters and the resultant surface energy partitioning. Section 3 explains characteristics of the urban atmosphere, including temperature fields, local circulations and rainfall. Section 4 describes recent progress in numerical modeling and promising new technologies, thus revealing a possible future direction for urban meteorological studies.

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Section: B Interaction With Mesoscale Circulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Urban Atmospheric Boundary Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in Urban Meteorology :A Review

Kanda

2007

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

101

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“…Increased urbanization and the consequent loss of green cover has been linked to reduced ground water recharge [1], degradation of water bodies [2], decreased biodiversity due to habitat loss and fragmentation [3][4][5][6], pollution [7], modification of rainfall [8][9][10] and urban warming [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Perceptions and Use of Urban Nature: Surveys of Park Visitors in Delhi

Paul

Nagendra

2017

Land

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Urban green spaces provide important recreational, social and psychological benefits to stressed city residents. This paper aims to understand the importance of parks for visitors. We focus on Delhi, the world's second most populous city, drawing on 123 interviews with park visitors in four prominent city parks. Almost all respondents expressed the need for more green spaces. Visitors valued parks primarily for environmental and psychological/health benefits. They had limited awareness of biodiversity, with one out of three visitors unable to identify tree species and one out of four visitors unable to identify animal species frequenting the park. Most of the daily visitors lived within 0.5 km of these parks, but a small fraction of visitors traveled over 10 km to visit these major parks, despite having smaller neighbourhood parks in their vicinity. This study demonstrates the importance of large, well-maintained, publicly accessible parks in a crowded city. The results can help to better plan and design urban green spaces, responding to the needs and preferences of urban communities. This research contributes to the severely limited information on people's perceptions of and requirements from urban nature in cities of the Global South.

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“…A espacialização das diferenças das temperaturas intra-urbanas e rurais próximas pode oferecer subsídios para amenizar a magnitude de tais ilhas de calor (AMORIM; CARDOSO, 2015). Nas quais as simulações das ilhas de calor urbanas têm sido utilizadas em inúmeros trabalhos (MIHALAKAKOU et al, 2002;SAITOH;SHIMADA;HOSHI, 1996;STEWART;KRAYENHOFF, 2014). As simulações, desde que comparadas com dados reais ou baseadas em estudos e observações de outras pesquisas, podem fornecer perspectivas ao reordenamento ao território.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Ilhas De Calor E Simulações: Perspectivas Climáticas Ao Reordenamento Do Território

Alves¹

2017

RCG

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Recebido em: 24/03/16; Aceito em: 03/10/16 RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi simular diferentes configurações do ambiente urbano para identificar os fatores que podem minimizar a ilha de calor urbana (ICU) em Iporá -Goiás. Para tanto, foi utilizada regressão linear múltipla para modelar a ilha de calor urbana, posteriormente simulou-se diferentes configurações do NDVI. Os resultados evidenciaram que: 1 -com o aumento do NDVI as ICU foram diminuindo gradativamente, áreas próximas ao córrego Tamanduá apresentaram ICU negativa, também conhecida como ilha de frescor de -4°C para as simulações com NDVI aumentado em 80% e 100%; 2 -em algumas áreas da cidade houve pouco decréscimo na intensidade da ilha de calor, devido à pouca ou nenhuma arborização; 3 -houve diminuição nas classes de ICU de 3°C a 4°C e 4°C a 5°C e aumento nas classes de menor intensidade, devido à migração das ICU mais intensas para as classes de menor intensidade; 4 -com o aumento do NDVI da área central da ilha de calor máxima ocorreu diminuição significativa de sua intensidade e do seu tamanho (redução de 45% da área). Não obstante, ressalta-se que estas simulações têm caráter prognóstico, o que possibilita ao planejador analisar diferentes configurações do meio urbano.Palavras-chave: Clima urbano; Campo térmico; Modelagem; Planejamento urbano. URBAN HEAT ISLAND AND SIMULATIONS: METHODOLOGY APPLICATION FOR REORDERING TERRITORIES ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to simulate different configurations of the urban environment to identify the factors that can reduce the urban heat island (UHI) in Iporá -Goiás. Therefore, we used multiple linear regression to model the urban heat island. Later, different NDVI settings were simulated. The results showed that: 1 -the UHI were gradually diminishing with the increased NDVI, areas close to the Tamanduá stream showed negative UHI, also known as the island of freshness of -4 °C for simulations with NDVI increased by 80% and 100%; 2 -there was little decrease in the heat island intensity in some areas of the city due to a few or no trees; 3 -there was decrease in UHI Classes of 3 °C to 4 ° C and 4 °C to 5 °C and increase in the classes of lower intensity due to migration of the severe UHI for classes of lesser intensity; 4 -with increasing NDVI in the central area of maximum heat island, there was a significant decrease in its intensity and size (45% reduction of area). Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that these simulations have predictive value, which enables the planner to analyze different configurations of the urban environment.

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Modeling and simulation of the Tokyo urban heat island

Cited by 168 publications

References 11 publications

Progress in Urban Meteorology :A Review

Progress in Urban Meteorology :A Review

Factors Influencing Perceptions and Use of Urban Nature: Surveys of Park Visitors in Delhi

Ilhas De Calor E Simulações: Perspectivas Climáticas Ao Reordenamento Do Território

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