Modeling EFL teachers’ intention to integrate informal digital learning of English (IDLE) into the classroom using the theory of planned behavior

Explaining residents' support to protect Gejia batik through the value-attitude-behavior model and theory of planned behavior

“…Based on the results of this study, perceived behavioral control has a significant positive relationship with residents' attitudes and behavioral intentions, supporting the findings of Liu's [ 37 ] and Wu's [ 40 ] research. Moreover, from the standpoint of standardized coefficients, the coefficient for perceived behavioral control is the highest, indicating its utmost importance for behavioral intentions.…”

“…Because the TPB provides an explanatory framework for individual behavioral intentions and actual behavior, demonstrating predictive solid power, it has been widely applied to explain and predict various behaviors, including but not limited to the fields of health sciences, environmental sciences, consumer behavior, tourism, education, and more. For instance, Liu [ 37 ] applied the TPB theory to the field of English education to measure the behavioral intention of language teachers to incorporate informal digital learning of English into formal curriculum context. The research results indicate that subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and attitudes all have a positive and significant relationship with behavioral intention.…”

A Learning Measurement Model for English Comprehensive Ability Based on the Background of Educational Informatization

“…Second, the comprehensive measurement model refers to the comprehensive measurement and evaluation of learners by using various evaluation tools and methods. This model can help to understand the cognitive level, self-management ability, learning motivation, and learning effect of learners, as well as help to fully understand their learning situation, thus providing a scientific basis for personalized teaching and learning (Liu & wang, 2024). Finally, the structural equation model is also an important learning measurement model.…”

“…For students, English comprehensive ability includes listening, speaking, reading and writing and also involves many skills and abilities such as grammar, vocabulary, reading comprehension and logical reasoning (Liu et al, 2024). These aspects are intertwined and influence each other, which makes the measurement of comprehensive ability complicated and difficult.…”

Beyond the Books: Exploring Factors Shaping Chinese English Learners’ Engagement with Large Language Models for Vocabulary Learning

“…Firstly, informal digital platforms offer unparalleled accessibility to diverse linguistic resources, allowing learners to encounter vocabulary in authentic contexts beyond the confines of structured curriculum [5]. Secondly, these platforms facilitate a learner-centered approach, where individuals can control their pace and exposure to new words, enhancing retention and application [6]. Thirdly, the integration of multimedia resources on these platforms caters to various learning performances, increasing the efficacy of vocabulary acquisition [7].…”