Modeling energy utilization and growth parameter description for broiler chickens

Sakomura, Nilva Kazue; Longo, Flávio Alves; Oviedo-Rondón, E. O.; Bôa-Viagem, C.; Ferraudo, Antônio Sérgio

doi:10.1093/ps/84.9.1363

Cited by 95 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Allometric exponents for ash close to 1.0 were also found in White Leghorn pullets (Kwakkel et al, 1997) and in pigs (Kyriazakis and Emmans, 1992). In contrast, Sakomura et al (2005), who studied allometric relationships of body ash with body protein in Ross broilers reported the values of 1.080 and 1.085 for males and females, respectively. The reason for this discrepancy is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Zelenka¹,

Heger²,

Kráčmar³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Allometric growth of body constituents and apparent efficiency of amino acid and nitrogen retention were examined in slow-growing laying-type cockerels (SG) and in fast-growing male broiler hybrids (FG) during the growth period from hatch to Day 22. The respective allometric coefficients for water, protein (N × 6.25), ash and fat in relation to body weight were 0.971, 1.080, 1.096 and 1.284 for SG chickens and 0.977, 1.099, 0.993, and 1.198 for FG chickens. The respective allometric coefficients describing the relationships of water, fat and ash weight with protein weight were 0.894, 1.014, and 1.186 for SG chickens and 0.893, 0.910, and 1.097 for FG chickens. High allometric coefficients for ash in both genotypes likely indicate the rapid growth of skeletal tissues which requires adequate mineral nutrition during this period of growth. The deposition of ash relative to protein was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in SG chickens thus suggesting that the relative growth of ash may be affected by genotype. Allometric coefficients relating amino acids to body protein were less than unity in most cases which indicates that an increasing amount of nonprotein N is deposited in the body with advancing age. Except for cysteine, the apparent efficiency of amino acid retention was lower in SG as compared to FG chickens. The high retention efficiency of cysteine in SG genotype was likely associated with the conversion of surplus methionine to cysteine, required for feather protein synthesis in laying-type birds at an early age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Zelenka¹,

Heger²,

Kráčmar³

et al. 2011

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…Estimates of ME m were shown to be affected by feed intake level (Labussiè re et al, 2009), gender and strain (Jadhao et al, 1999;Noblet et al, 1999) and environmental conditions (i.e. ambient temperature, Hurwitz et al, 1983;Sakomura et al, 2005). The ME m estimated in our previous study (642 kJ/(kg BW) 0.75 per day; Rivera-Torres et al, 2010) was much greater than those estimated in this study (433 and 365 kJ/(kg BW) 0.75 per day for males and females, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of energy utilization in male and female turkeys during growth

Rivera-Torres

Noblet

Dubois

et al. 2011

Animal

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Determining energy utilization in growing animals enables to adjust the nutritional constraints to nutrient requirements while maximizing the ratio between lean retention and fat retention to improve feed efficiency. In turkey production, the important sexual dimorphism and differences between strains may contribute to differences in basal energy metabolism and the partitioning of energy retention between protein and lipid. The objective of this study was to determine the dynamics of energy utilization in males and females of a heavy strain of turkeys fed ad libitum from 1 to 23 weeks of age. Heat production (HP) was determined by indirect calorimetry and retained energy (RE) was calculated as the difference between metabolizable energy (ME) intake and HP. The RE as protein was determined by a nitrogen balance, while the remaining RE was assumed to be lipid. A modeling procedure allowed partitioning HP between fasting HP (FHP), activity-related HP and thermic effect of feeding. A multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the maintenance energy expenditure (ME m ) and the energy efficiencies of protein and lipid retention (k p and k f , respectively). Results were expressed either per day or per kg BW 0.75 per day. In comparison with females, males consumed more feed (440 v. 368 g/day), grew faster (163 v. 147 g/day) and retained more protein (38 v. 28 g/day) during the experimental period. Expressed per kg BW 0.75 per day, ME intake decreased linearly with increasing age and was not affected by gender. Similarly, RE as protein decreased with increasing age and tended to be greater in males than in females, whereas RE as lipid increased with increasing age and was lower in males than in females. In addition, HP decreased with increasing age and was greater in males than in females, because of greater activity-related HP and FHP (47% and 9% greater in males compared with females). The FHP averaged 417 kJ/(kg BW) 0.75 per day during the first 3 weeks of age and decreased to 317 and 277 kJ/(kg BW) 0.75 per day in males and females, respectively, from 20 weeks of age onwards. Similar to FHP, ME m was lower in females than in males ((586 to 12 3 BW) and (586 to 5 3 BW) kJ/(kg BW) 0.75 per day, respectively) and the k p and k f were estimated at 0.63 and 0.87, respectively. This study shows that the partitioning of RE and HP differs between genders in growing turkeys, which likely results in differences in nutrient requirements.Keywords: turkey, energy, growth, heat production, requirement ImplicationsThe results of this study contribute to the understanding on how the partitioning of retained energy between protein and lipid and the partitioning of the components of heat production change during growth and differ between male and female turkeys. This information can be used to further refine energy systems in turkey production, including the development of modeling approaches. As nutrient requirements are often expressed relative to energy, knowledge of how animals use energy can also help to assess nutrient r...

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“…For broilers, genetic selection has caused changes in performance and chemical composition of the carcass. These changes in growth patterns cause changes in nutrient requirements to express the full genetic potential of birds (Sakomura et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjustment of four growth models through Bayesian inference on weight and body nutrient depositions in laying quail

et al. 2016

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-An experiment was conducted to estimate the parameters of the Gompertz, Brody, Logistic, and Von Bertalanffy equations through Bayesian inference and evaluate the potential for growth in terms of weight and body composition of laying female quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The weights and body compositions of the birds were obtained weekly (1-119 days), allowing the adjustment of the four equations by Bayesian inference. The parameters mature weight (β1), integration constant (β2), maturity rate (β3), and their credibility intervals in four models on body weight and body components were properly estimated by Bayesian inference to describe the body growth in laying quail. The inflection point was determined by the 1st and 2nd derivatives of the Gompertz equation for body weight and body components (fat, protein, ash, and water). Based on Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) for the studied and analyzed variables, there is a model that fits best as a result of its better performance to achieve the DIC value. The Von Bertalanffy model proved to be very versatile, not obtaining good fit of data only for fat. The study shows that other models can also be used in several data sets as an alternative to Gompertz, which, due to its adequate biological interpretation and desirable characteristics in a curve growth, is generally the most used.

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Modeling energy utilization and growth parameter description for broiler chickens

Cited by 95 publications

References 14 publications

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens

Dynamics of energy utilization in male and female turkeys during growth

Adjustment of four growth models through Bayesian inference on weight and body nutrient depositions in laying quail

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